Exam 2018, questions and answers PDF

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Exam 2018, questions and answers...

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Orthodontics 1. A distal step in the primary dentition will most likely to reflect a Class ___ occlusion in the permanent dentition. A. Class III C. Class II B. Class I D. none of the choices 2. Which of the following are normal signs of primary dentition? I. ovoid arch form II. deep overjet and overbite III. straight terminal plane IV. primate spaces A. I, II, III & IV B. II, III & IV C. I, III & IV

D. I, II & IV

3. It is the difference in size between the primary teeth and their permanent successor in the posterior segment: A. posterior liability A. Nance Leeway space B. Posterior size discrepancy C. Late mesial shift 4. The most important dental arch dimension is? A. arch width C. arch perimeter B. arch length D. both A and B 5. At what stage in Nolla’s classification does a permanent tooth start to erupt? A. Stage 7 C. Stage 6 B. Stage 5 D. Stage 8 E. Stage 4 6. From the flush terminal plane relationship of molars in the primary dentition, the permanent first molar relationship in the permanent dentition can become the following in the transition period, except: A. Class I C. Class III B. Class II D. end to end / cusp to cusp E. none of the choices 7. Six keys to normal occlusion include the following? I. no rotations II. no spaces in between teeth III. upright anterior teeth A. I & II B. I & III C. II & II D. I, II & III 8. Spaces between the primary anteriors: B. interdental space A. primate space B. Nance leeway space C. Both A & B

D. Both B & C 9. Primate space is found between the: A. maxillary canine and first molar B. mandibular primary canine and lateral incisor C. maxillary canine and lateral incisors C. none of the above 10. Sequence of eruption of maxillary permanent teeth. A. 1-6-2-4-5-3-7 D. 6-1-2-4-5-3-7 B. 6-1-2-3-4-5-7 C. none of the above. 11. Permanent teeth that erupt posterior to the primary teeth? A. successional teeth E. accessional teeth B. supernumerary teeth C. both A & B D. both B & C 12. Class I permanent molar relationship can be achieved through the following, except A. Late mesial shift after the loss of second primary molar B. Greater forward growth of the mandible than the maxilla C. Combination of both D. None of the above. 13. An inherent disposition of most teeth to drift mesially even before they are in occlusion: F. mesial drifting tendency A. anterior component of force B. physiologic movement of teeth C. both A & B D. both B & C 14. Maxillary alveolar process growth is: A. converging B. parallel G. diverging C. both A & B D. both B & C 15. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a mature swallow? H. active contractions of the muscles of the lips A. tongue tip is placed against alveolar process behind the upper incisors B. teeth are together during swallowing

C. both A & B D. both A & C 16. These are six soft spots present between the bones of the skull roof. A. sutures B. synchondroses I. fontanelles C. cartilages 17. Growth by proliferation of cartilage cells and the conversion of the older cartilage into new bone cell is? A. sutural B. endosteal J. endochondral C. intramembranous D. none of the above 18. Activity at the intra-occipital synchondrosis closes at? A. after birth B. at 20th year C. between the 3rd and 5th year D. between 5-25 years of age E. none of the above. 19.. The following are distinctive structural features related to cartilage of the cranial base, except: A. pressure- tolerant B. grows interstitially and appositionally C. matrix is non-vascular K. grows appositionally 20. What is the chief factor in the formation of the alveolar process? A. normal process of growth L. eruption of teeth B. lengthening of the condyle C. overall growth of the maxilla and mandible 21. Horizontal lengthening of the maxilla occurs in A. anterior direction M. posterior direction B. superior direction C. inferior direction 22. The greatest increase in cranial growth occurs during? A. 0-5 years B 5-10 years C. 10-20 years after birth

23. The cranial vault increases rapidly in size the first few years postnatally. This growth is typical of which of the following types of tissue? A. neural B. dental C. lymphoid D. somatic E. genital

24. Space for eruption of permanent mandibular molars is created by: A. apposition at the anterior border of the ramus B. apposition at the alveolar process N. resorption at the anterior border of the ramus C. resorption at the posterior border of the ramus 25. Displacement of the mandible due to its growth at the condyle and posterior border of the ramus is? A. primary B. secondary C. tertiary D. cortical drift 26. Chin cup is used to intercept a? A. Class 1 type 3 B. Class II C. Class III O. Developing Class III 27. A direct growth movement that is produced by deposition on one side of the orbital plate with resorption on the opposite side is? A. displacement B. translation P. cortical drift C. remodeling 28. The theory which states that the growth of the craniofacial bones is caused by the soft tissues adjacent to them. Q. Functional matrix A. Cartilaginous growth theory B. Sutural Dominance theory C. Limborgh’s theory 29. The “V” principle of growth is best illustrated by the? A. nasal septum R. posterior border of the mandibular ramus B. mandibular symphysis C. intersphenoidal synchondrosis 30. At birth, which of the following structures is nearest the size it will eventually attain in adulthood?

S. A. B. C.

cranium maxilla mandible nasal septum

31. The main growth site of the mandible which is responsible for its increase ion height? T. condyle A. gonial angle B. symphysis C. posterior border of the ramus D. inferior border of the body 32. The sequence of completion of facial growth by planes of space is? A. depth, width, height B. height, depth, width U. width, depth, height C. depth, height, width D. width, height, depth 33. The halves of the mandible fused at age? A. birth B. one month postnatally V. one year of age C. two years. 34.The following are oblique and parallel sutures of the maxilla, except: A. frontomaxillary B. pterygo-palatine C. zygomatico-maxillary D. zygomatico-temporal W. sphenoethmoidal

35. The major mechanism for growth of the cranial case is the: A. expansion of the cartilage cells B. interstitial growth of bone C. apposition of new bone at the synchondroses D. apposition of new bone at the sutures. 36. The vertical lengthening of the maxillary complex is brought about by a composite of factors, except:

A. deposition of bone on the oral side of the palate with compensating resopriton on the entire oral side B. deposition on the posterior facing cortical surface of the maxillary tuberosity C. deposition on the various sutures where it contacts the other bones above it 37. Growth dimensions in the maxilla which are are sex-linked at puberty. A. width and depth B. height and width X. height and depth C. width 38. The profile of a normal neonate is? A. straight Y. convex B. concave 39. Which of the following factors will not increase maxillary width? A. growth of the palate following “V” principle Z. deposition at the fronto-maxillary suture B. deposition at the lateral walls C. deposition at the median palatine sutre 40. Dental age which is characterized by the eruption of all succedaneous teeth with the 2nd permanent molars rearing eruption? A. age 6 B. age 8 C. age 10 AA. age 12 D. age 14 41. The principal growth site of the cranial base believed to be responsible for its anteroposterior growth is? BB. spheno-occipital A. spheno-ethmoidal B. intersphenoidal C. intraoccipital 42. Which of the following is not a source of extra space for the resolution of permanent incisor crowding in the lower arch? A. increase in intercanine width B. labial positioning of the permanent incisors C. distal movement of the canines into the primate space CC. deposition of bone at the posterior border of the ramus

43. This can detect the muscle activity and the effect of abnormal muscle function on the dentition. A. hand & wrist x-ray DD. electromyographic exam B. BMR C. Biostatistics D. None of the above 44. It is an excellent aid in appraising facial balance, facial type and harmony of external feature. EE. photos A. radiograph B. study cats C. cephalometrics D. none of the above. 45. This appraises the soft tissue adaptation to the bony profile, lip size, shape and posture of soft tissue thickness over the symphisis. FF. profile A. denture B. skeletal anaysis C. both A & B D. both B & C 46. The systematic analysis of the child’s dentition and supporting denture bases as they relate to the facial bones and cranial base. A. profile B. denture GG. skeletal analysis C. both A & B D. both B & C 47. Methods in measuring the apical base relationship: I. SNA II. SNB III. ANB D. FMA A. I, II, III & IV HH. I, II & III B. I, III & IV C. II, III & IV D. III & IV only 48. Which among the following are vertical planes? I. facial II. Y axis III. Axis of 1 A. I, II, III & IV II. I, II & III B. II, III & IV

IV. palatal planes

C. II & IV D. III & IV 49. Bone ossification can be detected with the use of: JJ. hand & wrist A. electromyographic exam B. BMR C. Biostatistics D. None of the above 50. Which among the following are anatomic landmarks? I. Na II. Pog III. Go D. Kr A. I, II, III & IV KK. I, II & III B. II, III & IV C. II & IV D. II & IV 51. If the upper and lower incisors are labially inclined in relation with each other, it is related to what type profile? A. concave LL. convex B. straight 52. Which among the following are horizontal planes? I. FH plane II. SN plane III. axis of 1 A. I, II , III & IV B. I, II & III MM. I, II & IV C. II, III & IV D. I, III & IV

IV. occlusal plane

53. Arch dimensions can be measured with the use of? A. panorex B. photos NN. study cast C. cephalometrics D. none of the above. 54. Two or more teeth moving in opposite directions and pitted against each other is equal and opposite. The anchorage is what? A. simple B. stationary OO. reciprocal C. reinforced

55. Which among the following are sources of extraoral anchorage? I. cervical II. Occipital III. cranial IV. reciprocal A. I, II, III & IV PP.I, II & III B. I, III & IV C. II, III & IV D. II & III only 56. The anchorage distributed to both upper and lower jaws is? A. intramaxillary QQ. intermaxillary B. single C. compound 57. A criss cross elastic to correct posterior cross bite. RR. simple, reciprocal, intraoral, intermaxillary A. stationary, reciprocal, intraoral, intermaxillary B. multiple, reciprocal, intraoral, intramaxillary 58. Diastema closure of 2 central incisors by elastic traction, tipping the crowns together. A. stationary, reciprocal, intraoral, intermaxillary SS. simple, reciprocal, intraoral, intramaxillary B. simple, reciprocal, intraoral, intermaxillary C. none 59. The nature of degree of resistance and displacement of an anatomic unit for the purpose of effective tooth movement. A. active element TT. anchorage B. tissue reaction C. retention 60. The anchorage utilizing the neck is? A. occipital UU. cranial B. cervical C. facial 61. Resistance to tooth movement is related to the following: I. alveolar bone II. Basal bone III. teeth IV. intercuspation of teeth VV. I, II, III & IV A. I, II & III B. I, II & IV C. I, III & IV D. II, III & IV

62. Source of intraoral anchorage: WW. musculature A. neck B. head C. occipital region 63. Which among the following are anchorage according to the number of units? I. single II. Compound III. intra maxillary IV. reinforced A. I, II, III & IV B. I, II & III XX. I, II & IV C. II, III & IV D. III & IV 64. The anchorage in which the resistance of one or more dental units are utilized to move one or more opposing dental units. A. simple B. stationary YY. reciprocal C. reinforced 65. The anchorage in which the units situated in one jaw is used to effect tooth movement in the other jaw. A. intramaxillary ZZ. intermaxillary B. intraoral C. extraoral 66. It is described as very broad, short faces with square dental arches. AAA. brachycephalic A. dolicocephalic B. mesocephalic C. none of the choices 67. A mesocephalic face has a/an____ dental arch form? A. round B. narrow BBB. average 68. Predominant type of malocclusion seen in mixed dentition is? CCC. crowding A. anterior open bite B. class II division 1 69. Which among the following are variations in facial type?

I. oligocephalic A. I, II, III & IV B. I, II & III C. I, II & IV DDD. II, II & IV D. II & IV

II. Brachycephalic

III. dolicocephalic

IV. mesocephalic

70. A system of malocclusion that uses gnathostatic approach. A. Angle B. Dewey-Anderson EEE. Simon C. Ackermann-Profitt 71. Unilateral mesiocclusion with zero over jet and overbite. A. class III type 1 subd. B. Class II type 2 subd C. Class III type 3 subd 72. Neutroclusion with labioversion of maxillary centrals and buccoversions of mandibular 1st premolar. A. class 1 type 2 & 3 FFF. class 1 type 2 & 4 B. class 1 type 2 & 5 73. Unilateral distoclusion with linguoversion of maxillary centrals and labioversion of lateral incisors A. class II div 1 subd GGG. class II div 2 subd B. class II div 2 74. A supraverted mandibular premolar with respect to Frankfurt horizontal plane is said to be in? A. contraction B. abstraction HHH. attraction C. distraction 75. A narrow maxillary arch with respect to midsagittal plane is said to be in? A. protraction B. retraction III. contraction C. distraction 76. Cleidocranial dysostosis: A. inhibited growth of mandible B. micromandible

C. abnormal resorption of deciduous dentition JJJ. late eruption of permanent teeth D. mandibular dysostosis 77. Vogelgesicht: KKK. inhibited growth of mandible A. micromandible B. abnormal resorption of deciduous dentition LLL. late eruption of permanent teeth C. mandibular dysostosis

78. Pierre-robin syndrome: A. inhibited growth of mandible B. micromandible C. abnormal resorption of deciduous dentition D. late eruption of permanent teeth E. mandibular dysostosis 79. Treacher-collin syndrome A. inhibited growth of mandible B. micromandible C. abnormal resorption of deciduous dentition D. late eruption of permanent teeth MMM. mandibular dysostosis 80. The following landmarks are used to determine the protrusiveness of the mandibular base in relation to the cranial base. A. sella, nasion, supramentale NNN. sella, nasion, subspinale B. sella, orbitale, pogonion C. none of the above 81. Angle tha determines the position of the most protrusive mandibular central incisor to the mandibular plane. A. ANB B. SNA C. SNB D. Y-axis E. none of the above. 82. The best alternative diagnostic aid in the absence of cephalometric headplate. A. study cast

B. radiograph OOO. facial photographs C. all of the above. 83. Abnormal habit often known as a residuum of the finger sucking habit. A. bruxism B. thumb sucking C. nail biting PPP. tongue thrusting 84. Word used in Orthodontics which means resistance to the displacement: A. Tipping B. Rotation QQQ. Anchorage C. Translation 85. Movement of teeth in which the crown and root moved in the samed direction. A. rotation RRR. translation B. tipping C. combination of tipping and rotation 86. The bone resorption that follows hyalinization is: A. frontal B. direct SSS. undermining C. both A & B D. both B & C 87. This type of force occurs when removable appliances are used. A. continuous B. interrupted-continuous TTT. intermittent C. tipping 88. Abnormal lip activity is almost always associated with: UUU. Class II, div. 1 A. Class III B. Class II Div. 2 C. Class I 89. Treatment for developing anterior cross bite: A. inclined plane B. tongue crib C. palatal crib

D. verstibular screen VVV. tongue blade 90. Lip bumper is being used for: A. lip biting B. cheek biting C. lip sucking D. both A & B WWW. both A & C 91. The sum of the widths of CDE is generally: A. same as that of permanent successors XXX. greater than that of permanent successors B. less than that of permanent successors C. not related to that of permanent successors 92. An inhibited growth of the mandible due to ankylosis of the TMJ will result to: A. cretinism YYY. Amelia B. Vogelgesicht C. Paget’s disease D. None of the above 93. System that describes the antero-posterior relationship of the maxilla and the mandible based on the position of the first permanent molar. A. Simon’s ZZZ. Angle’s B. Ackermann-Profitt’s C. Lischer’s 94. Unilateral distoclusion with linguoversion of the maxillary central incisors is also known as: A. Class II Div. 2 AAAA. Class II div. 2 subd B. Class II div. C. Class II Div. 1 95. Lower molar is distally positioned in relation to upper molar. A. Class I BBBB. Class II B. Class III 96. Major growth mechanism of cranial vault CCCC. apposition A. interstitial B. desmocranium

C. synchondrosis 97. As maxilla is translated downward and forward, bone is removed from __ surface? A. anterior DDDD. posterior B. lateral 98. Which of the following are principal growth sites of mandible? I. Posterior surface of ramus II. Condyle III. coronoid process A. I, II, III & IV EEEE.I, II & III B. I, III & IV C. II, III & IV D. II & IV

IV. chin

99. Eruptive tooth movement begins when? A. crypt is present B. Nolla’s stage 5 FFFF. Root begins to form C. Nolla’s stage 8 D. None of the above. 100. Incisor liability: A. difference between deciduous and permanent incisors , the result of which is positive. B. Difference between deciduous and permanent incisors, the result of which is negative C. Difference between primate and leeway space D. Difference between interdental and primate space 101. Distal step terminal plane results to: A. Class I GGGG. Class II B. Class III 102. Changes in facial growth in adult. A. facial skeleton changes greater than soft tissue profile B. shortening of nose HHHH. flattening of lips C. all of the above. 103. Intrauterine molding may lead to…? A. mandibular prognathism IIII. maxillary deficiency B. anterior open bite C. maxillary protrusion

104. Hapsburg family has a strong genetic influence on__?_ A. retruded maxilla B. retruded mandible C. overgrowth maxilla JJJJ. protruded mandible 105. Hyalinized areas: KKKK. necrotic or cell free area A. presence of osteoclast B. with cellular elements C. with macrophages 106. Force level declines steadily to zero between activations. A. continuous LLLL. interrupted B. intermittent C. none of the above 107. Two forces equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. A. moment MMMM. couple B. center of rotation C. center of resistance 108. Posterior crossbite during mixed dentition can be treated by? A. extraction NNNN. expansion B. chin cap C. regaining space D. space maintainer 109. The best time to influence growth is during the time of greatest change, they are best treated, that is before and during puberty. A. First statement is true, the second statement is false B. First statement is false, the second statement is true OOOO. Both statements are true C. Both statements are false 110. Initial ossification of these bones preceeded peak growth in boys. PPPP. hook of hamate A. ulna and radius B. pisiform C. metacarpals and metatarsals

111. Type of radiograph that predicts the maturation age of the bone. A. cephalometric QQQQ. hand and wrist B. panoramic C. periapical 112. The study of morphology and growth of the head of living individuals: A. cephalometric RRRR. cephalometry B. craniometry 113. The normal sequestral events from fertilization to death: A. growth B. differentiation C. translocation SSSS.development D. none of the above. 114. Growth involves normal changes in the amount of living substance. Typically, growth is equated with enlargement. But after puberty, this structure results in normal decrease in size: A. thyroid B. hyoid TTTT. thymus C. epiglottis D. none of the above 115. This will give rise to tissues that will become the mandible: A. Reichert’s cartilage B. 3rd branchial arch C. Meckel’s cartilage D. 1st branchial arch E. none of the above. 116. During the development of the perioral region, as the nostril elongates, the epithelium of ___ fuse together to form the nasal fin. A. maxillary process and mandibular process B. m...