Final Exam Study Guide, Chapters 10-18, Spring 2014 PDF

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Study Guide: Chapters 10-18, Multiple Choice & True/False Questions The Art of Public Speaking Introduction to Speech – McHenry County College, Spring, 2014 Chapter 10, Beginning and Ending the Speech 1. You should usually work out the exact wording of the introduction after you have finished preparing the body of your speech. True or False 2. If you were giving an informative speech on the subject of troglodytes, you would probably include a in your introduction. Definition, Startling statement, Personal story, or Narrative 3. As your textbook explains, even when you use other interest-arousing lures in a speech introduction, you should always . Startle the audience, Ask the audience a question, Relate the topic to the audience, or Begin with a quotation 4. A ending is a type of speech conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement. Restrictive, Dissolve, or Crescendo 5. A identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech. Goodwill statement, Credibility statement, Transition statement, or Preview statement 6. The conclusion should normally make up about 20 to 25 percent of your speech. T or F 7. is the audience's perception of whether the speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic. Empathy, Credibility, or Receptivity 8. An excellent way to give your speech psychological unity is to conclude by making a dramatic statement, quoting from a famous individual, reemphasizing your credibility, or referring to ideas in the introduction. 9. When a speaker uses a ending, the speech builds in force until it reaches a zenith of power and intensity. Crescendo, Commemorative, or Cascade 10. When you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to in the introduction of your speech. Get the audience's attention, Establish goodwill toward the audience, or State your topic clearly and concisely 11. A direct appeal to your audience for action is most appropriate in the conclusion of a(n) speech. Informative, Persuasive, or Commemorative

Study Guide, p. 2 12. A is a question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud. Rhetorical question, Neutral question, Latent question, or Nonverbal question 13. is the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind. Integrity, Goodwill, or Sympathy 14. The is usually the last element of a speech introduction and provides a smooth lead-in to the body of the speech. Bridge statement, Credibility statement, Organizing statement, or Preview statement 15. Even if the audience already knows your speech topic, you should usually restate it clearly and concisely at some point in the introduction. True or False

Chapter 11, Outlining the Speech 16. A outline is a detailed outline developed during the process of speech preparation. Preliminary, Introductory, or Preparation 17. A preparation outline should include: Bibliography, Research notes, Delivery cues, or All answers are correct 18. A preparation outline should include: Specific purpose statement, Central idea, Connectives, or All answers are correct 19. The pattern of symbolization and indentation in a speech outline shows the of the speech. Visual framework, Indirect organization, Informal structure, or Residual message 20. In a preparation outline, the most important ideas are placed farthest to the left and the less important ideas are placed progressively farther to the right. True or False 21. In a preparation outline, you should state your main points in brief phrases. True or False 22. A is a list of the sources used in preparing a speech. Bibliography, Biography, or Commentary 23. When selecting a title for your speech, you should avoid phrasing it as a question. True or False 24. A outline is a brief outline used to jog a speaker's memory during the presentation of a speech. Visual, Speaking, or Final

25. When preparing a speaking outline, you should: Include many details so you won't forget what to say, Use complete sentences to ensure full development of ideas, Give yourself cues for delivering the speech, or All answers are correct 26. In a preparation outline, main points are identified by capital letters. True or False 27. In a preparation outline, main points and subpoints should be written as full sentences. True or False 28. Even though a speaking outline should be kept as brief as possible, you should usually write out quotations in full. True or False 29. In a speaking outline, words such as "pause," "faster here," and "slow down" are that help a speaker remember how she or he wants to present key parts of the speech. Speech tags, Delivery cues, Stage directions, or Oral guides 30. A speech title should: Be brief, Encapsulate the main thrust of your speech, Attract the attention of your audience, or All answers are correct 31. Which of the following is a correctly worded main point for a speech preparation outline? Bagpipes, Did you know that the bagpipe is among the oldest of reed instruments?, The history of the bagpipe dates to ancient Greece, Bagpipes: Ancient Air Instruments 32. Below are a main point and three subpoints from a preparation outline about body piercing. Which is the main point? A pierced tongue can result in loss of taste, A pierced tongue can result in an infection, Tongue-piercing can pose several hazards, or A pierced tongue can result in chipped teeth 33. Below is a main point, a subpoint, and two sub-subpoints from a preparation outline about acoustical engineering. Which is the subpoint? Noise control is an issue both for indoor and outdoor settings; Indoors, noise control deals with everything from electric appliances to crowd noise at sports events and concerts; One major element in acoustical engineering is noise control; or Outdoors, noise control deals with the sounds of nature as well as with the sounds created by modern technology

Chapter 12, Language 34. Language mirrors reality. True or False 35. The denotative meaning of a word is Emotionally explosive, like a detonation; Derived from the audience's frame of reference; Its literal meaning or dictionary definition; or Based on listeners' dispositions toward the topic.

36. The meaning of a word is what the word suggests or implies. Correlative, Connotative, or Contractual 37. Inaccurate use of language can harm a speaker's credibility. True or False 38. An excellent way to improve your credibility as a speaker is to use fancy, complicated words rather than familiar words. True or False 39. The more a word, the more specific it will be. Concrete, Connotative, or Correct 40. The more a word, the more ambiguous it will be. Artistic, Denotative, or Abstract 41. Which of the following is the most concrete and specific? Building, White House, Shelter, or House. 42. Which of the following is the most general and abstract? Speech, Biology 100 lecture, Communication, Lecture 43. "The steady flow of traffic sounded like the rush of a great river" is an example of Oxymoron, or Metaphor. Antithesis, 44. "Once given a push, the machine of justice rolls on by itself" is an example of Alliteration, Personification, or Metaphor. 45. Antithesis,

Simile,

Metonymy,

is repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words. Parallelism, Alliteration

46. is the pattern of sound in a speech created by the choice and arrangement of words. Rhythm, Intonation, or Phonetics 47. "His ideas are as worthless as withered weeds" are examples of Simile and alliteration, Repetition and antithesis, Imagery and personification, or Parallelisim and metaphor. 48. "Our mission is to serve justice, to right wrong, and to protect democracy" is an example of Parallelism, or Oxymoron. Simile, 49. "Divided there is little we can do; united there is little we cannot do" is an example of Antithesis, Metonymy, or All answers are correct. Metaphor, 50. Language that is appropriate for some occasions may not be appropriate for others. True or False

51. Using inclusive language is an important part of being an audience-centered public speaker. True or False 52. For the sake of clarity, you should usually employ the generic "he" when speaking in public. True or False Chapter 13, Delivery 53. Good delivery does not call attention to itself. True or False 54. is based on a person's use of voice and body rather than on the use of words. Informal communication, Subjective Communication, Nonverbal Communication, or Direct Communication 55. When accuracy is essential and a speech must be delivered word for word, delivery is most appropriate. Impersonal, Manuscript, or Ceremonial 56. A(n) speech is delivered with little or no immediate preparation. Informal, Extemporaneous, or Impromptu 57. A(n) speech is a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes. Colloquial, Extemporaneous, or Casual 58.

is the lowness or highness of the speaker's voice. Pitch, Rate, or Volume

59. are changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice. Vibratos, Inflections, or Fluctuations 60. Changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume are referred to as Vocalized pausing, Oral fluctuation, or Variable inflection. 61. Speakers who lack vocal variety are said to speak in a Monotone, Monochord, or Monogram

Vocal variety,

.

62. Sloppy _ is the failure to form particular speech sounds crisply and distinctly. Representation, Phonetics, or Articulation 63. Violating the accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language is an error in . Pronunciation, Tonality, or Linguistics 64. is a variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary. Dialect, The Vernacular, or Jargon

65. In which of the following situations will the personal appearance of the speaker have an impact on the audience's perception of the speaker? A police officer presenting an educational talk, A concerned citizen being interviewed on the news, A lawyer addressing a jury, or All answers are correct 66. As your textbook explains, upon reaching the lectern to start a speech, you should Begin speaking immediately, __ Confess how nervous you are, Make eye contact with your listeners, or All answers are correct 67. When you end your speech, you should Maintain eye contact for a few moments after you stop talking, Collect your notes and any visual aids you may have used, Maintain a cool, collected demeanor as you return to your seat, or __ All answers are correct 68. The primary rule of using gestures in a speech is to gesture frequently and emphatically so that listeners notice what you are doing. True or False 69. One of the advantages of using the extemporaneous method of delivery is that it Ensures a precise choice of words, Encourages conversational quality, Requires only limited preparation, or Allows for better articulation 70. "Conversational quality" refers to speech delivery that sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed. True or False 71. The best rate for effective public speaking is 110 words per minute. True or False 72. As Mark Twain noted, "The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed ." Gesture, Inflection, or Pause 73. Research shows that speakers in the United States who fail to establish eye contact may be seen by listeners as insincere or even dishonest. True or False 74. When practicing your speech delivery, you should do all the following except speech to see how you sound, Include delivery cues on your speaking outline, learn your speech word for word, or Practice in front of friends or family

Record the Try to

Chapter 14, Using Visual Aids 75. Research has demonstrated that visual aids, when used well, can increase a speaker's: Clarity, Confidence, Credibility, or All answers are correct 76. Using visual aids can help a speaker combat stage fright. True or False

77. What is a major factor to consider when deciding whether to use an object as a visual aid? Its color, Its size, Its Shape, or Its texture 78. If you want to use a photograph as a visual aid for a speech, your textbook recommends that you: Show the photograph to the audience by using PowerPoint, Pass the photograph among members of the audience so they can see it clearly, Find a copy of the photograph in an oversized book that you can show from the front of the room, or All answers are correct 79. The following visual aid is an example of a

graph. Fixed, Symbol, Line

80. The following visual aid is an example of a

graph. Ration, Pie, or Shell

81. The following visual aid is an example of a

82. The following visual aid is an example of a

graph. Bar, Geometric, or Flat

. Chart, Word Graph, or Panel

83. A pie graph should ideally have from two to five segments. True or False

84. If you were delivering a speech about unemployment and wanted to show changes in the unemployment rate over the last decade, you should use a graph. Flat, Circle, or Line 85. It is crucial to fit all the information you want your audience to retain on a single chart. True or False 86. When using PowerPoint, you should: Give yourself extra time for preparation and rehearsal, Check the equipment ahead of time to make sure it is working properly, Make sure your text and images are easy for everyone in your audience to see, or All Answers are correct 87. Sometimes you can use your own body as a visual aid. True or False 88. Distributing handouts is usually an excellent way to present visual aids during a speech. True or False 89. Dolores is preparing visual aids for her speech about resources available to the Latino/Latina community and has decided to use a handout. When should she distribute it? As the audience arrives for the speech, At the beginning of the speech, During the conclusion of the speech, or After the speech 90. When delivering a speech, you should display visual aids only while discussing them. True or False 91. One advantage of using video in a speech is that it involves less work than other kinds of visual aids. True or False 92. When preparing charts and graphs, you should use a large number of colors in order to grab your audience's attention. True or False 93. When preparing a visual aid, you should use ALL CAPS because it is easier to read. True or False 94. Usually you should use only two fonts on any single PowerPoint slide—one for the title or major headings, another for subtitles or other text. True or False

Chapter 15, Speaking to Inform 95. In an informative speech, the speaker acts as: A motivator, An advocate, or A teacher

96. The primary aim of an informative speech is to: Modify the attitudes of the audience, Explain why listeners should change their behavior, Offer reasons for supporting a new policy, or Convey knowledge or information 97. Which of the following is an instance of informative speaking? A psychologist advocating more study of the grieving process at a professional meeting, A counselor explaining the stages of grieving to people who have recently lost loved ones, A doctor urging hospital administrators to fund a class about grieving, or All answers are correct 98. "To inform my audience about the major features of a digital music player" is a specificpurpose statement for an informative speech about: An object, An event, or A Process 99. "To inform my audience about three major theories of climate change" is an example of a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about: A function, A concept, or An event 100. An informative speech about a process explains a systematic series of actions that leads to a specific result or product. True or False 101. "To inform my audience about the origins of the Jewish holiday of Purim" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about: An object, A concept, or An event 102. As your textbook explains, when preparing an informative speech, you should: Personalize your ideas, Relate the subject directly to your audience, Avoid abstractions, or All answers are correct 103. "To inform my audience about the four major steps in body piercing" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about: A process, A function, or An object 104. If your specific purpose statement were "To inform my audience about the major land regions in Spain," you would probably organize your speech in: Spatial order, Chronological order, Sequential order, or Topical order 105. The more you assume your listeners know about the topic of your informative speech, the more you run the risk of being misunderstood. True or False 106. If your specific purpose statement were "To inform my audience about the four major steps in building a loft," you would probably organize your speech in order. Causal, Chronological, or Spatial 107. Which of the following recommendations does your textbook give for relating a subject directly to your audience in an informative speech? Tie your topic into the audience's interests and concerns, Tell the audience why your message is important to them, Speak in personal terms, using words such as "you" and "your" or All answers are correct

108. Your textbook recommends using abstractions as a way to clarify ideas in an informative speech. True or False 109. It is usually most effective to keep your ideas impersonal when giving an informative speech. True or False

Chapter 16, Speaking to Persuade 110. Which of the following is an instance of persuasive speaking? A family therapist illustrating parenting skills, A professor explaining the elements of an atom, A lawyer arguing for the acquittal of her client, or An executive assistant clarifying copyright laws 111. Because persuasion aims to change the beliefs and/or actions of listeners, speaking to persuade is one of the few cases in which a speaker does not need to consider her or his ethical obligations. True or False 112. The audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade. Ideal, Preferred, or Target 113. "To persuade my audience that eating yogurt prolongs human life" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of . Fact, Research, or Value 114. A persuasive speech on a question of fact is essentially the same as an informative speech. True or False 115. "To persuade my audience that discrimination on the basis of marital status is unfair" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of . Fact, Value, or Policy 116. Persuasive speeches on questions of value are usually organized in: Topical order, Comparative advantages order, Monroe's motivated sequence, or Spatial order 117. Whenever you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to: Inspire your audience to follow your call for action, Justify your value judgment against a set of standards or criteria, Provide evidence to prove the cause of a serious social problem, or All answers are correct 118. A question of deals with whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken. Expedience, Policy, Conscience

119. "To persuade my audience that Congress should revise the laws governing medical malpractice" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of policy. True or False 120. In a persuasive speech to gain , the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy. Delayed consent, Passive agreement, Incremental approval, or Deferred action 121. "To persuade my audience to become regular blood donors" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech seeking passive agreement. True or False 122. What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points? I. Fraudulent charity fundraising has become a widespread problem. II. The problem can be solved by a combination of government initiative and individual awareness. Topical order, Comparative advantages order, Monroe's motivated sequence, or Problem-solution order 123. is a five-step method of speech organiz...