Genetics Vocabulary - Vocab PDF

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1. Homozygous: having two identical alleles for a given gene.

2. Heterozygous: having two different alleles for a given gene.

3. Phenotype: The observable physical and physiological traits of an organism, which are determined by its genetic makeup.

4. Genotype: The genetic makeup, or set of alleles,of an organism.

5. Testcross: Breeding an organism of unknown genotype with an homozygous recessive individual determines the unknown genotype.

6. Monohybrid: An organism that is heterozygous with respect to a single gene. All the offspring from the cross between parents homozygous for different alleles are monohybrids.

7. Dihybrid: An organism that is heterozygous with respect to two genes of interest.

8. Law of Independent Assortment: Mendel’s second law, stating that each pair of alleles segregates, or assorts, independently of each other pair during gamete formation: applies when genes for two characters are located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes to behave as though they are on different chromosomes....