Global Demography PDF PDF

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Warning: TT: undefined function: 32At the end of this lesson, the students are expected to demonstrate the following:- Examine the different international trends and issues in global GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHYpopulation GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY12 - Explain the theory of demographic transition and its effects to- Sy...

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GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY

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GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY At the end of this lesson, the students are expected to demonstrate the following: - Examine the different international trends and issues in global population - Explain the theory of demographic transition and its effects to

global population - Synthesize the concept globalization in relation to demography and population

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Demography

Birth

Population

Vital Signs

Death

Size

Marriage

Density Distribution Income

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Global Population Trend and Issues

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Trends

Issues -

- Fast and most populous countries - Children per woman (2.4 world ave.) - Life expectancy (2x or even 3x) - Ageing - Shrinking age

Developed countries: support elders Less developed countries: pop boom Housing Education Food Working class: more jobs & infra

- Low birth - High Mortality - Massive Migration

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GLOBAL POPULATION TRENDS POP >65 (% of Total Pop)

LIFE EXPECTANCY (Years at Birth)

TOTAL FERTILITY RATE (Births per Woman)

POP SIZE (Billions)

POP GROWTH RATE (% Year)

POP < 15 (% of Total Pop)

1700

27

6.0

.68

0.50

36

4

1800

27

6.0

.98

0.51

36

4

1900

30

5.2

1.65

0.56

35

4

1950

47

5.0

2.52

1.80

34

5

2000

65

2.7

6.07

1.22

40

7

2050

74

2.0

8.92

0.33

20

16

2100

81

2.0

9.46

0.04

18

21

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The Theory of Demographic Transition Mortality Declines, Fertility Declines, Population Growth

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PRE-TRANSITION Life was short (25-35 years). Births were many (4-5 per woman). Growth was slow (.03 %/year). Marriage age was late (25 years). Population was young (680 Million).

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PRE-TRANSITION Thomas Maltus – 1798 – Essay Slow population was no accident. Population- equilibrium –slow growing economy Faster population growth depressed wages – causing the mortality to rise due to famine, war, disease. (Positive Check) Depressed wages also caused postponement of marriage, resulting in prostitution and other vices including contraception. (Preventive Check)

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The Theory of Demographic Transition Mortality Declines, Fertility Declines, Population Growth

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MORTALITY DECLINES Began in Europe 1800, elsewhere 1900 accelerated post WWII Driven by improvements in public health, hygiene, improvements in nutrition Famine mortality declines due to improved food storage and transport Mortality declines in high income countries continued due to improved medicine addressing chronic and degenerative diseases Developing countries: historically rapid increases in life expectancy

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FERTILITY DECLINES Economic models point to factors that increase the opportunity cost of children and reduce their benefits especially with women Reductions in benefits of children from external sources or government reduce demand further Effect of contraceptive use

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Mortality Declines, Fertility Declines, Population Growth

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AGE DISTRIBUTION Mortality declines leads to high young age dependency ratios

53 64 61

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AGE DISTRIBUTION Fertility declines leads to lower young age dependency

53 64 61

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AGE DISTRIBUTION Increasing longevity leads to increasing young age dependency

53 64 61

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IMPLICATIONS o Increased global population

o Fewer children leads to more opportunities for other activities, higher quality of children o Mortality decline may lead to longer disabled years or longer disability free years o Fiscal implications for aging populations lead to an increasing burden on the young or the taxpayer o Aging population problems addressable

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Does demography population affect globalization?

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POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION Increased population will lead to: United Nations addressing the problems of the 21st century Nation-state entering into bilateral and multilateral agreements on labor relations – sending of OFW to the Middle East Regional political organizations (EU, ASEAN, etc) facing the issues and concerns of their community

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ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION Having fewer children gives the women and/or parents to buy what they needs and sometimes, wants.

Mortality decline leads to the demand for better healthcare services which might be brought about by global corporations.

Ageing and shrinking population lead to higher taxes imposed by imported and exported products.

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CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION Increased population lead to Cultural Diversity (differentialism, convergence and hybridity) Media and communication infrastructure demand More membership in secularized religious practices and belies (more activities for the attainment of global peace)

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GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY At the end of this lesson, the students are expected to demonstrate the following: - Examine the different international trends and issues in global population - Explain of the theory of demographic transition and its effects to

global population - Synthesize the concept globalization in relation to demography and population

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