History of Rock Test 1 Study Guide PDF

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Summary

Study guide, everything that would be on the test is on this. ...

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The Early Years of American Pop Music Tin Pan Alley -

Musical writing New York City “Over the Rainbow”

Swing Era -

Dance fads Lots of drums, fast Swing bands played for the troops

Post-War Transition -

Race music and hillbilly music Major independent labels emerge

Important People -

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Al Jolson - First one to get household recognition Rudy Vallee - Invented microphone (1922) Bing Crosby - Invented crooning - Sentimental singing made available b/c of microphones Frank Sinatra - Made his own vocal style - Macho/womanizing image - Mafia - “I’ve Got You Under My Skin” Benny Goodman - “King Porter Stomp” - First star

The Record Industry/Radio Evolution of Recording Industry -

Sales dropped during Great Depression

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Rebounded during Swing Era Steady during transitional years Explosive growth in the 50’s

Evolution Cont’d -

Acoustical Process - Pre-1925 - Acoustic horn - No electricity, no microphones - Electrical Process - Post-1925 - Microphones used; superior sound - Magnetic tape recording - 40’s-50’s - Editing possible - Tape is cheap - Longer recording times - New recording formats - Album - Introduced by Columbia (1948) - 33 and a third is the size - Single - Albums were popular with adults, Singles with kids - Introduced by RCA (1949) - 45 rpm was the size Major Labels - Columbia - RCA - Decca - Capitol Independent Labels - Chess (Phil Chess) - Sun (Sam Phillips) - Atlantic Billboard -

Started in 1940

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Started hot 100 in 1958

RIAA -

Starts counting sales - Gold 500,000 - Platinum 1 mil - Diamond 10 mil

Radio -

DJs would play race music on stations to attract white teens Alan Freed - Moondog House Rock n Roll party Top 40 - Diminished djs influence - Homogenizing effect on radio

The Black Roots of Rock and Roll The White Roots of Rock and Roll

1. "I've Got You Under My Skin"—Frank Sinatra Classic voice Lots of sax 2. "King Porter Stomp"—Benny Goodman Orchestra No lyrics Sounds just like a big orchestra Swing Era Written by Jelly Roll Morton 3. "Cross Road Blues"—Robert Johnson Twangy Sets standards for classic blues singers 4. "Koko"—Charlie Parker's Reboppers

Super fast instrumental Jazz Sets the bar for saxophone 5. "Take My Hand, Precious Lord"—Mahalia Jackson Piano Strong Voice Clear “church vibes” Slow moving song Black gospel 6. "Choo Choo Ch' Boogie"—Louis Jordan and His Tympany Five Saxophone but with lyrics Catchy song Listen closely for train type song RnB 7. "Why Do Fools Fall in Love"—Frankie Lymon Doowop High pitch voice 8. "Blue Yodel #1 (T for Texas)"—Jimmie Rodgers Yodels First country recordings Bristol sessions 9. "Blue moon of Kentucky"—Bill Monroe Catchy Bluegrass Jazz influenced hillbilly Later sung by Elvis 10. "Your Cheatin' Heart"—Hank Williams Honky tonk Reminds me of sponge bob Slow

Post-War America -

Dependence on the car began Consumer goods became necessities TV advancement Teenagers got spending money - Targets of mass marketing - Generation gap developed

The First Sounds -

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Bill Hayley - Leader of “The Saddlemen” (Named changed to Haley’s Comets) - Signed w/ Decca after “Crazy Man Crazy” - Records “Rock Around the Clock” Rockabilly - Fast tempo, nervous beat - Hiccups - Sparse instrumentation

Elvis Presley -

Poor circumstantial home life Becomes “Southern Cat” Very rebellious Wore clothes black kids would wear

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Discovery started with Sam Phillips “That’s All Right” - First hit on Sun Records

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Col. Tom Parker becomes Elvis’ manager Signs w/ RCA - Looses raw energy but is more successful Purchase graceland Goes to army Falls out of touch w/ audience (drugs, bland record, tries to comeback w/ tv special)

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Dies b/c of drugs @ graceland

The First Crossover Artists/The New Orleans Sound/Chicago R&B Be able to describe some of the changes taking place in pop music in the wake of Presley’s success, and the reaction in the music industry. Be able to describe the characteristics of the music from New Orleans and Chicago, and the important people and institutions associated with each. Other Important Sun Rockabilly Artists/Buddy Holly -

Buddy Holly - Switches to rockabilly after seeing elvis - Signs w/ decca but is unsuccessful

11. "Rock Around the Clock"—Bill Haley and His Comets Catchy Sells 20 mil, number 1 Fast, danceable Blackboard jungle 12. "Rocket 88"—Jackie Brenston and His Delta Cats Catchy, fast piano About cars RnB 13. "That's All Right"—Elvis Presley, Scotty, and Bill First hit on sun records Lilo and Stitch 14. "Hound Dog"—Elvis Presley

Lots of drums and clapping “You ain’t no friend of mine” Super popular in every category 15. "Tutti Frutti"—Little Richard Originally super dirty Uses stop time 16. "Bo Diddley"—Bo Diddley Not a lot of lyrics Lots of guitar and shaking RnB 17. "Maybellene"—Chuck Berry Fast speaking Guitar solo 18. "Blue Suede Shoes"—Carl Perkins Clicking sound A few stop times Sam Phillips sees him as another Elvis 19. "Great Balls of Fire"—Jerry Lee Lewis Very danceable Hands sliding down piano 20. "Peggy Sue"—Buddy Holly Recorded in Nor Va Jak (Norman Petty)...