I. Period 4 1800-1848 Vocabulary PDF

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Period 4: 1800-1848 Ch 7, 8, 9 & 10 Brinkley; AMSCO Ch. 7, 8, 10 & 11

Unit Vocabulary

Directions: Identify each term and be prepared to turn in for a formative grade on __. If you don’t find them in the book or the book doesn’t give you enough info then look it up online. These terms appear on the APUSH Course Description. Term National culture

Marshall Court

Identification / Definition The set of norms, behaviors, beliefs and customs that exist within the population of a sovereign nation. International companies develop management and other practices in accordance with the national culture they are operating in. Sovereign nation / Customs and beliefs refers to the Supreme Court of the United States from 1801 to 1835, when John Marshall served as the fourth Chief Justice of the United States. ... The Marshall Court played a major role in increasing the power of the judicial branch, as well as the power of the national government.

Andrew Jackson

7th president, military leader in the war of 1812 and battle of new Orleans. Began the Jacksonian Democracy. Defeated John Adams in the 1828 election. Killed the national bank

Democratic Party

After the War of 1812, the Federalists virtually disappeared and the Jeffersonian party split into factions. They split over the choice of a successor to President James Monroe, and the party faction that supported many of the old Jeffersonian principles, led by Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, and was mostly made up of frontier farmers and factory works became this Party

Henry Clay

A northern American politician. He developed the American System as well as negotiated numerous compromises

Whig Party

largely represented many of the interests of the old Federalist party. Andrew Jackson initiated its creation. conservatives and popular with pro-Bank people and plantation owners. They mainly came from the National Republican Party. They took their name from the British political party that had opposed King George during the American Revolution. Their policies included support of industry, protective tariffs, and Clay's American System. They were generally upper class in origin. Included Clay and Webster

American System

Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements; emphasized strong role for federal government in the economy

Internal improvements

2nd Bank of the U.S. sectionalism

approach was intended to allow the United States to grow and prosper by themselves This would eventually help America industrialize and become an economic power A national bank chartered by Congress in 1816 with extensive regulatory powers over currency and credit Different parts of the country developing unique and separate cultures (as the North, South and West). This can lead to conflict

2nd Great Awakening

A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans

Democratic Ideals (democracy)

theoretical phrase meaning either personal qualities or standards of government behavior that are felt to be essential for the continuation of a democratic policy. A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives

Market Revolution

Connected small farmers and traders to larger markets through the use of newly developed infrastructure. For example, the development of the Illinois Central Railroad shaped Chicago as a train-city and helped open areas of Illinois to commercial farming. Also shaped the way we work and labor today; affecting how we work for a wage and "around a clock"

Romanticism Transcendentalism

Abolition

An artisitc movement between the 1800s and 1850s that promoted individualism and a deviation of norms A philosophical and literary movement of the 1800s which emphasized living a simple life while celebrating the truth in nature, emotion, and imagination. (Think Thoreau and Emerson). Believed freedom was not a set of defined rights or privileges, but rather an open-ended process of self realization A person who advocated or supported the abolition of slavery in the U.S

Nat Turner’s Rebellion

the slave revolt was the most violent one in U.S. history

Seneca Falls Convention

Took place in upperstate New York in 1848. Women of all ages and even some men went to discuss the rights and conditions of women. There, they wrote the Declaration of Sentiments, which among other things, tried to get women the right to vote

Textile industry

primarily concerned with the design and production of yarn, cloth, clothing, and their distribution. Caused increased growth of cotton and slavery

Interchangeable parts

American system of manufactures- Large scale manufacture of standardized products with interchangeable parts in order to reduce manufacturing cost

Eli Whitney

Invented cotton gin to produce massive amounts of cotton

The telegraph

An apparatus that used electric signals to transmit a message via a wire; use of Morse Code (a series of dots and dashes representing letters of the alphabet). Allowed people to communicate ideas and the price of goods across the country

Erie Canal

A 363 mile canal that connected the Great Lakes region to New York City; creating a dominant port of the city. Brought about the creation of new towns along the waterway (Buffalo, Rochester) Inspired the building of many other canals across the US and sparked an interest in major waterway transportation

Cult of Domesticity

the ideal woman was seen as a tender, self-sacrificing caregiver who provided a nest for her children and a peaceful refuge for her husband, social customs that restricted women to caring for the house. Creates field for domestic servants as middle class women have more leisure time due to creation of time-saving technologies that lessened their workloads

Cotton production

As cotton became a more and more valuable cash crop, U.S. planters began to grow more. With this increase in cotton production, they needed more slaves to maintain the fields. Eventually, the U.S. became the largest producer of cotton

Louisiana Purchase

The purchase by the United States from France of the huge Louisiana Territory in 1803. President Thomas Jefferson ordered the purchase negotiations, fearing that the French, then led by Napoleon, wanted to establish an empire in North America.

American Indian removal

The Indian Removal Act was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830, authorizing the president to grant unsettled lands west of the Mississippi in exchange for Indian lands within existing state borders. A few tribes went peacefully, but many resisted the relocation policy

Monroe Doctrine

A declaration by the President in 1823 that warned European powers to keep out of the Western Hemisphere and pledged that the United States would not intervene in the internal affairs of Europe

Spread of slavery

Even during the Civil War, the Fugitive Slave Acts were used to prosecute blacks fleeing their masters in border states that were loyal to the Union. ... For all practical purposes the act effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850, which had attempted to regulate the spread of slavery

Missouri Compromise

"Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states

“Era of Good Feelings”

The period from 1817 to 1823 where the disappearance of the Federalists party enabled the Democratic Republican party to govern in a spirit of seemingly nonpartisan harmony...