Intro Philo Q2 Mod4 Meaningful-Life Version 2-1 PDF

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Introduction To The Philosophy Of The Human Person Module 4 - Quarter 2 Meaningful Life

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines 1

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 4: Meaningful Life First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Assistant Secretary: Alma Ruby C. Torio

Author: Content Editor: Language Editor: Proofreader : Illustrator/s: Layout Artist: Development Team: Chairperson:

Development Team of the Module Mary Nyka Dela Cruz Carwin P. Murillo and Ivy O. Niñeza Cynthia M. Garrido Irish Joy Q. Nacua Shem C. Tayanes Jr. and Jayford F. Pajaron Erwin Mark G. Poblete

Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III Regional Director Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr. CESO V Assistant Regional Director Jonathan S. dela Peña, PhD, CESO V Schools Division Superintendent Rowena H. Para-on, PhD Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD Members: Neil A. Improgo, PhD, EPS-LRMS; Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr., PhD, EPS-ADM; Erlinda G. Dael, PhD, CID Chief; Ferminia M. Labis, EPS (Araling Panlipunan); Celieto B. Magsayo, LRMS Manager; Loucile L. Paclar, Librarian II; Kim Eric G. Lubguban, PDO II

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education - Alternative Delivery Mode (DepEd-ADM) Office Address: Masterson Avenue, Upper Balulang, Zone 1, Cagayan de Oro City, Cagayan de Oro, Lalawigan ng Misamis Oriental Telefax: E-mail Address: i

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Introduction To The Philosophy Of The Human Person Module 4 - Quarter 2 Meaningful Life

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education at [email protected].

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines ii

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Table of Contents

Cover Page

Page No.

Overview General Instructions

1

Lesson 1: Meaningful Life

2

What I Need to Know

2

What I Know

2

What’s In

2

What’s New

3

What Is It

4

What’s More

4

What I Have Learned

5

What can I do

5

Lesson 2: Realizing Positive Life Goals

6

What I Need to Know

6

What I Know

6

What’s In

6

What’s New

7

What Is It

7

What’s More

8

What I Have Learned

8

What I can Do

8

Assessment

9

Additional Activity

9

Answer Key

10

References

10

iv

OVERVIEW This module deals with activities that could help the learners to realize the meaning of his/her existence. The primary goal of this module is to help learners engaged in some simple activities in order to have necessary concepts and understanding about having and experiencing a meaningful life. To the teacher: This lessons assume that the teacher has already introduced to his/ her learners the knowledge about human nature, human person as an embodied spirit, and other concepts that relates with the existence of human person in a society, as these information are essential in the proper pacing of the lesson which leads to easy understanding of the activities found in this module. To the Learners: In order to achieve the objectives of this module, it is necessary to have completed previous modules for you to fully understand the activities and discussions found in this module. Specifically, this module consists of the following lessons: ●

Lesson 1 – Meaningful Life

●

Lesson 2 – Realizing Positive Life Goals

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS For the learners:

For the teacher:

To be guided in achieving the objectives of this module, do the following:

To facilitate and ensure the students’ learning from this module, you are encouraged to do the following (you may edit this part):

1. Read and follow instructions carefully. 2. Write all your ANSWERS in your PHILOSOPHY ACTIVITY NOTEBOOK. 3. Answer the pretest before going through the lessons. 4. Take note and record points for clarification. 5. Compare your answers against the key to answers found at the end of the module. 6. Do the activities and fully understand each lesson. 7. Answer the self-check to monitor what you learned in each lesson. 8. Answer the posttest after you have gone over all the lessons.

1. Clearly communicate learning competencies and objectives 2. Motivate through applications and connections to real life. 3. Give applications of the theory 4. Discuss worked-out examples 5. Give time for hands-on unguided classroom work and discovery 6. Use formative assessment to give feedback 7. Introduce extensions or generalizations of concepts 8. Engage in reflection questions 9. Encourage analysis through higher order thinking 1

Lesson

1

Meaningful Life

You have learned in the previous modules about the nature of man. In this lesson information and activities are provided to help you recognize the meaning of your existence.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?

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In this lesson, you are expected to:  explain the significance of death in the existence of the person; and  reflect on the meaning of his/her own life

WHAT I KNOW Give your own definition to the following terms listed below. 1. Death 2. Life 3. Happiness 4. Suffering 5. Meaningful Life

WHAT’S IN? You have encountered in the previous modules about all the concepts you need to better understand human nature and what drives human to establish relationships and the things that influenced the development of a human person. You have gone through the journey of getting much deeper understanding about all the aspects that relate with human nature. Now, let’s explore what is the essence of living. Have you ever wondered about how nothing seems to last forever? Objects get worn out, food and drinks get expired, and even trends become outdated after some time. Even more, what about the cycle of being born, growing up, getting old, being sick and dying? These go to one very important reality at some point of our human condition; we are temporal beings which means that we are human beings oriented towards impending death.

2

Surely, the very thought of death and the mystery surrounding it have caused a lot of grief and anxiety to a person. You may certainly feel that thinking about death at this point of your life is a bit inappropriate or unnecessary since you are still young and you still have your whole life ahead of you. Thus, the idea makes you a bit uncomfortable but then it is an essential element in the human condition which definitely deserves attention. Only in reflecting on the reality of death can we begin to explore and understand the meaning of our own and very existence.

WHAT’S NEW? What you will do

Meaningful Life MAT

Materials: Scissors 2 pcs. Of colored paper (varied color) Ball pen Directions: 1. Make strips of paper out of 2 different colored paper. 2. On each strip, write your happy experiences on one color and your sad ones on the other color. 3. Weave the strips like a mat. 4. Look at your work of art and appreciate the beauty of it as a whole. Question: Try to remove one of the colored strips. Now, look at your work of art once again. Do your remaining strips still make a beautiful mat? What does this say about the meaning of life? Give your insights.

3

WHAT IS IT? #YOLO (You Only Live Once) Eat, drink, and be merry for tomorrow we die. In the essence that we, humans, are oriented towards our impending death, this concept has given rise to such various expressions being mentioned above. Commonly, death is understood as the end of bodily functions which signals the end of a person’s life. It also refers to the separation of the body and the spirit. As you have learned in the pas modules, the human person is an embodied spirit. The body, being material, is subject to growth, death, and decay. While the spirit, being immaterial, will continue to exist even after the body has passed.

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Accepting the fact that we are persons facing the reality of death allows us to determine the course of our actions and of our entire life. Thus, the essence of freedom is self-determination which refers to the capacity to choose and act for oneself. For instance, a person cannot stop the natural bound law of growing old, however, he/she can choose to embrace aging gracefully by taking pride in their gray hair, wrinkles, and the fact of having grandchildren. But others might take a different path and use any means to mask their physical aging by getting cosmetic surgery and having “age-defying” treatments. Ultimately, we must embrace the fact that death is an integral part of our life so that once we have come in good terms with that inevitable aspect of being human, we can focus not just on the quantifiable aspects of life (e.g. possessions, luxurious years) but also on its quality. It can give us clearer purpose and focus on our daily activities. Since we cannot do everything in our lifetime, we must be able to reflect on what we need to do and identify the goals we need to achieve so we can say that we have lived in a meaningful existence.

WHAT’S MORE What you will do

Write a letter of support and encouragement to a person who you know is undergoing difficulties in life Highlight the points where you apply your learning about happiness, suffering, death, and meaningfu life. Write it in your Activity Notebook.

4

The human person is an embodied spirit which refers to the unity of a body and a spirit. The body grows and dies, while the soul continues to exist even after the body has passed. It is true that there was no exception, we will face the inevitability of death, but we have the freedom to live our lives well or not. Temporality challenges us to make choices that will be good for us and the people around us. Although we are oriented towards our impending death, death, itself, is not the goal of life. Yet, the challenge is to live a meaningful life.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED? Direction: Answer the following questions using your own words: Express your answer with a maximum of 5 sentences. Write it in your activity notebook. Challenge: Based on what you have learned about happiness, suffering, death, and the meaning of life, could you give advice to the following people in various situations? Be realistic as much as possible. 1. Your sister is an overachiever. Being on top of the class is what makes her feel fulfilled. However, she got lower grades than usual for this quarter. She is extremely saddened and discouraged by this and becomes withdrawn and aloof. 2. Your best friend is dating a married man. Despite her family’s disapproval, she does not want to break up with him. She says that he is the only one who makes her very happy.

WHAT I CAN DO? Create a photo collage showing the things that makes your life meaningful. You can also include things that makes you happy or things that drives you to do more in life despite of adversities. Bring out your uniqueness and creativeness.

Criteria

Organization & Composition: overall content Originality: theme Creativity & Neatness: overall appearance TOTAL

5

- 15 pts - 10 pts - 5 pts : 30 points

Lesson

2

Realizing Goals

Positive

Life

You have learned in the preceded lesson about what makes life more meaningful Realizing one’s meaning of life help you focus to list and enumerate life goals and prioritize more meaningful objectives as you live through.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?

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In this lesson, you are expected to: - explain the essence of happiness and suffering to one’s life - enumerate the objectives he/she really wants to achieve; and - define the projects he/she really wants to do in his/her life

WHAT I KNOW Direction: Give your own insights in regards with the following expressions below. Write it legibly in your Activity Notebook. 1. #YOLO (You Only Live Once) 2. Eat, drink, and be merry for tomorrow we die. 3. Live as If you were to die tomorrow. 4. Learn as if you were to live forever. 5. There is a rainbow after the rain.

WHAT’S IN? As you go through the previous modules, you have encountered the reality of death. By the law of nature, it is inevitable that we all face the brink of our existence. Thus, by embracing this knowledge, we are motivated to spend our life in a more meaningful way as possible. Now, let’s continue to loosen the amazing journey of one’s existence. We all know that as we approach our death, we experience both happiness and suffering. The two are not really meant to be polar opposites, for they can also enrich one another. You cannot appreciate the essence of genuine happiness and success if you did not experience suffering, pain or difficulties.

6

WHAT’S NEW? What you will do Direction: Read the following questions and answer it briefly. 1. What makes you happy? 2. What is your perception about real happiness? 3. Do you prefer a life without suffering/adversities? Justify your answer.

WHAT IS IT? What brings you happiness? Is it the food you eat? The clothes you wear? The gadgets you own? The achievements you reap? The moments you share with your loved ones? Whatever it is, you feel something good and pleasurable. Happiness is a state of being, not just an emotional experience or a chosen mental attitude. In fact, we do not choose happiness, happiness is always there, and we just choose the means/path to achieve it We consider the sources of happiness as something that is good for us. That good has three kinds:

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● Noble good is one which is pursued for its own sake; it is good in itself. For example: love and friendship. ● Useful good is considered good as long as it serves as a means to an end; its goodness is found only from what it can provide. For example, money. ● Pleasurable good provides some form of pleasure, though it doesn’t have to be physical. For example a trip to favorite places. However, you should always remember that happiness from a material thing slowly fades away as soon as you have it. Meanwhile, happiness formed by friendship only grows as it progresses. Happy moments with people precious to you are priceless. Thus, do not be blinded by earthly living and live a meaningful life for real happiness can be found in more permanent and meaningful things. On the other hand, negative experiences are also part of our lives. Suffering takes place when we patiently endure unpleasantness, discomfort, and pain. It comes in the form of physical suffering (e.g. physical sensations such as discomfort, hunger, distress, homelessness, and pain from an injury, disease, or even lack of basic needs) and mental suffering (e.g. emotional and mental states such as depression, anxiety, fear, loneliness, and grief). Disappointments and rejections in life may also be a cause of suffering. More often, we normally experience adversities in life and how we deal with them is determined by our mindset regarding suffering. After all, without pain and suffering, we are unable to grow and improve to become wiser and tougher. Thus, our positive experiences might lose meaning and significance without the recognizance of one’s suffering and difficulties in life.

7

WHAT’S MORE What you will do Instructions: Interview someone older than you. It could be your parents, teachers, neighbors, or anyone acquainted to you. Ask the same questions you have asked to yourself in the previous activity. This time, ask also for their own personal bucket list and do not forget to let them sign for credibility. Make a narrative report for this activity. Questions: 1. What makes you happy? 2. What is your perception about real happiness? 3. Do you prefer a life without suffering/adversities? Justify your answer. With all these growth and development of various forms of societies, the human interactions are also growing more complex over the span of time. Factors like science and technology advancements and cultural changes brought improvement to the society along with complexity and various ethnicities. But despite these innovations and developments, the human person still remains the heart of the society and drives social changes based on respective responses and needs for the betterment.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED? Directions: Answer the following questions using your own words: Express your answer in 5 sentences. 1) What does living a meaningful life mean to you? 2) What objectives do you feel you need to achieve before you can say that you have lived a meaningful life? Give at least two (2) objectives and justify it.

WHAT I CAN DO? Make a personal “Bucket List” of what you wish to do or accomplish in life. List them in your Activity Notebook. In addition, answer these questions that follow and write your answers at the bottom of your bucket list. a. Why did you choose these things to be in your “Bucket List”? b. Which among these do you feel is the easiest to accomplish in your lifetime? c. Which would be the most difficult to do?

8

ASSESSMENT Direction: Read and reflect each of the questions thoroughly. Give your insights and write it legibly on your activity notebook

2. 3. 4. 5.

1. What is that one thing that, if taken from you, would take away the meaning of your life? How would you have turned out as a person if you have not experienced happiness? What will you become if you have not gone through any suffering in life? Have you experienced dealing with the death of a loved one? How did you cope up with the situation? Why do you think most of the people are afraid of death?

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES Watch a movie or documentary that explores death and living a meaningful life. Write a reaction paper discussing your thoughts and ideas on what you have viewed. Do not forget to include your sources. (Example: The Curious Case of Benjamin Button) Criteria: Organization: coherence Composition: overall content Originality & Gramm...