PE - Liza Marie PDF

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Liza Marie...

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P.E MODERN PHYSICAL EDUCATION -based on natural activities (develop) -also called “physical training” -utilize COGNITIVE (intellect) and PSYCHOMOTOR (affective feelings; skills application) ATHELETIC COMPETITION -Iliad, by Homer- poem of war old record -important points of history -Greek most fundamental in discipline in PE- they value the achievement of human being Olympia, Greece (Gymnasium)- started Olympic games- 8th century (776 BC) FRIEDRICH LUDWIG JAHN- Father of modern PE -highly political Germany -gymnastics as a discipline

PE -is the interdisciplinary of all area of science (diff branches; science of biology, movements, sports science) -transmission of physical knowledge and skills -application of skills and result -important segment of general education

-contribute total development (holistically) in selected rigorous activities -lifelong skills -essential to; physical, mental, social and emotional development -school curriculum- sports, games, dance, gymnastics and recreational activities -vital and integral part of general educ -promote the optimum development of the individual physically, socially, emotionally, and mentally.

OBJECTIVE OF PE -equip students w/ knowledge, skills, capacities, and values along w/ the enthusiasm to maintain healthy lifestyle. -promote weight loss and physical fitness. -to instill knowledge and understanding of rules, concepts and strategies -to work as part of a team or individual of competitive activities -ability-naturally develop -skills- enhance ability -talent- God given gift -actively participating will develop and maintain good health and high level of physical fitness -healthy growth and development will be enhance

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT - actively participating will develop and maintain good health and high level of physical fitness SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT -opportunities for acquisition and practice of desirable social traits -friendliness -cooperation -respect for the right of others -good sportsmanship -good leadership and followership -honesty in group competition EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT -for the development of expressions -self- control -self-reliance -courage -determination -personal discipline -self-confidence MENTAL DEVELOPMENT -develops mental capacities as learns the mechanical principles of underlying movements

LEGAL BASIS OF PE -Article I of the International Charter of PE and Sports UNESCO Paris,1978 and Recommendation I, Resigned Meeting of the Experts of PE- The practice of PE and Sports is fundamental right for all -UNSECO Brisbane Australia, 1982 Article XIV, Sec. 19 of 1987 Phil Cons – the State shall promote PE and encourage sports programs for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry. -All education institution shall undertake PE BENEFITS OF EXERCISE -reduce the risk of the following: Premature death Developing/dying from heart disease Developing HBP Developing high-cholesterol Developing colon and breast cancer Developing diabetes Body weigh or body fat Build and maintain healthy muscle, bones and joints Reduce depression and anxiety Physical well-being Enhance work, recreation, sports performance 4 TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT

Organic Development -development of diff organs of the body Neuromuscular Development- brains- control movements of the body Muscle- can master diff activities, to develop ability, skills and talents Interpretive Development- development that strengthens the thinking Emotional Development- development and maturing of impulses and emotions through activities, under natural control

ORIGIN OF PE -Apparatus- apparare to prepare Anthropomorphic- human being has shaped Anthropikos- human being Morphic- specified shape or form Calisthenics- kalos- beautiful ex: jumping jacks Sthenos- strength Coordination- ordinatus: arrange Cardiovascular- anything moves heart and blood vessels : kardio- heart :vasculum- vessel

Exercise- sake of keeping the organs and their functions in a healthy state :ex- and arcere- to restrain Flexibility: flexus- to bend Gymnastics: gymnos & gumnos- nakes Kinesiology: kinesis-movement :ology-branch of learning Baron Nils Posse- first to use gymnastics Pedagogue: paido- bog :agogis-leader Pedagogy- teacher profession

PE Physica: physics Educatio: training of the body Physiology: processes and functions of organism Phusio: nature Ology: branch of learning Human Physiology- study of the functions of the organs and tissues in man THE OLYMPIC GAMES- biggest event in world Olympic rings- Baron Pierre De Coubertin- founder of the Modern Olympic) 1896 started Olympic ring and in 1913 that they use.

Five rings- represent five major regions of the WorldAfrica, Americas, Asia, Europe, Oceania( North and South Africa) Five National- five colors blue,yellow,black, green and red-COLORS OF FLAG OF EVERY NATION Olympic Flag- 1920-Antwerp Belgium Original Olympic Games- started in 776 BC in Olympia Greece end in 393 AD 1896- revived at the initiative of french nobleman, Baron Pierre De Coubertin beginning of the era of Modern Olympic Game Olympic Motto- Cititius, Altius, FortiusSwifter,Higher,Stronger Olympic Creed- important thing is not to won but to partake, life is not triumph but the struggle, essential thing is not have conquered but to have fought well-takes a lot of determination and perseverance-winner is not everything Olympic Flame- lit in Olympia brought to the host city by runners carrying the torch in Relay Torch Fire, 1928symbolizes passions, struggles, victory,perseverance Olive leaves- symbolize traditional game Olympic Mascot- animal or human figure- to represent countries heritage in 1968 Olympic Official Language French and English

Summer Olympics in 2020 in Tokyo, Winter Olympics 2018 in Pyeongchang South Korea- divide in two cause some of game will depend in season Games in Beijing 2008 302 events in 28 sports, 2006 84 events in 7 sports -scholars 884 and 704 BC -games held every 4 years- called Olympiad- basis of counting years -part of their religious belief - famous Olympic athlete 6th century BC wrestler Milo of Croton-24 years or win a victory in six Olympics -Romans gained power in Greece, Olympic games against in Catholicism (believe that Olympics were seen as part of pagan festival)-393 AD Theodosius I outlawed the gamestraditional Olympic games ended. -Ancient times only young men could participate -victor winner crown of olive leaves-(olive branch) sign of hope and peace REVIVAL OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES -17th century (before Modern Olympic games)-held at Chipping Campden in the English Cotswolds -1850’s Olympian Sports Festival-Much Wenlock in Shropshire,England-annual games -Baron Pierre de Coubertin- Father of Modern Olympic Movement GOALS OF COUBERTIN

-reason for the French defear in Franco-Prussian WarFrench not received proper PE and sought to improve this -bringing the nations closer together, youth of the world compete in sports, rather than fight in war -Recovery of the Olympics -1890- attended of the Wenlock Olympian Society, the recovery of the Olympic Games would achieve both of his goals -Create IOC- International Olympic Committee- Demetrius Vikelas 1st President of IOC -Organized first modern Olympic Games in 1986 in Anthens FIRST MODERN OLYMPIC GAMES -241 athletes who competed -Greek officials proposed to have monopoly of organizing the Olympics -second Olympic Games took in place in Paris,France1900- where women were allowed to compete THE INTERCALATED GAMES(1906)-not official Olympic games -to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the modern Olympics-Athens,Greece -international different participants -1904 80% had been American Summer Olympics 2004 -11,000 competitors in 202 countries in Anthens

Winter Olympics 2006 -2,633 athletes from 80 countries in Turin,Italy -Olympics- largest media events -2000 in Sydney there were over 16,000 broadcasters and journalist estimated 3.8 billion viewers -growth of Olympics is one of the largest problems that Olympics face today -205 nations currently participated in Olympics -1924 Philippines participated -1980-PH did not participated

-many colonies and dependencies were permitted to host their own Olmpic

FINAALLSSS!! History of the Development of Physical Education Dark Ages 476 A.D: Fall of roman empire Physical and moral decay was considered the cause of Roman fall.-natalo sila ng Germany, they became confident and too powerful Teutonic invasion(German invasion) supported physical activity with two movements: Asceticism(belief that evil exist in the body, spiritual) and Scholasticism(believed that facts are the most essential items of education, trained human body) EUROPE

Johann Bernhard Basedow -establish Philanthropinum- first school in Europe to offer PE as part of curriculum. Johann Friedrich Guts Muths -Great Grandfather of Gymnastics- instructor of PE at the Schnepfenthal Educational Institute. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi-1746-1827 -founder of the calisthenics(free arm exercises) -Concerning Physical Education-published article in 1807 Charles Follen-1785-1840 -director of the First public gymnasium in America. -resigned his position of the Boston Gymnasium in 18271828- resigned his position as the director of the Harvard Gymnasium. Friedrich Ludwig Jahn -known as Turnvater Jahn-in Germany -Father of PE and Father of Gymnastics Adolf Spiess-1810 to 1858 -founded of school of gymnastics in Germany -help to make PE in school -devised a system of free exercises- almost no apparatus.

SWEDEN Per Henrik Ling

-first made earnest effort to develop pe into science -founder of Swedish Gymnastics- invented that stall bars and the vaulting box or Swedish box. Jean Jacques Rosseau -believed education should be held in accordance to Nature’s Law. -wrote the book Emile: became a rallying cry for the educ reform system of the time. -Emile: contained ideas on educ and traced Emile through roussaeau’s five stages of life. DENMARK 1777-1847 Franz Nachtegall -father of PE in Denmark -leader of Danish gymnastic and physical training Niels Bukh- 1880-1950 -developed the concept of primitive gymnastics to build perfect physique GREAT BRITAIN Archibald Mclaren -wanted to make PE a science -1860 designated to design a system education for the British army UNITED STATES CIVIL WAR PERIOD UNTIL 1900 Catherine Beecher

-founded the American Women Educational Association -first woman of note to established the any kind of PE for women -established female seminary in Hartford,Conn. -pioneered of calisthenics for girls. -1830 utilized light exercises in Cincinnati, Ohio. Diolectian (Dio) Lewis 1823- 1886 -called himself Dr. Lewis he was not really a doctor. -honorary degree given to him in 1851 by Homeopathic Hospital College of Cleveland, Ohio. -promote his New Gymnastics speaking up to six nights per week. -opened the Normal Institute of PE in Boston. -inventions included bean bags, wooden dumbbells, used music to enhance exercises. Dudley Allen Sargent -Director and Assistant professor of Physical Training at the Hemenway Gymnasium in 1879. -origins of the fitness machines. -invented over 80 different machines using pulleys and weights to help promote fitness. -believe in individualistic- applicable of exercise in every individuals. -contributed to the knowledge of anthropometric measurements.

(Measurement of human body). EARLY 20TH CENTURY Thomas Dennison Wood- Natural Gymnastics Clark Hetherington- understanding of children’s play activities in terms of survival and continued participation. Robert Tait McKenzie- helped physically underdeveloped and typical individuals overcome their deficienciesdifferently individuals. Jessie H. Bancroft- contributed to the field of posture and body mechanics and was the first living member of the AAHPER to receive the “Gulick Award” -the proper execution of the body movements. -1906, Playground and Recreation Association of America was established to promote development of rural and urban playgorunds. WORLD WAR -Physical Educators provided leadership for physical conditioning programs for the armed forces and also those in the home front. GOLDEN TWENTIES- 1920-1929 -Physical education program continued to expand. -National Federation of High School Association was established in 1923. -40% of PE programs were dropped. -Physical educators were involved in recreation programs. 1940-1970

-Division of Physical Fitness was established in the Office of Defense, Health and Welfare Services. -nearly 60% of the American children failed the fitness test compared to only 9% of European children. Solutions created -girls and women engage to be competitive in sports. -International meetings were held including leaders of health, PE and recreation from various parts of the world. -1968 the Special Olympics provided competitive sports for these individuals. - Research became specialized in the field of exercise physiology, motor learning, sociology of sports and pedagogy. 1970-PRESENT -continued growth in the area of PE and sports large part of growth is due to technology. -programs have expanded from the school and college age population to serving populations of all ages. -improvements in health because of the importance placed on healthy lifestyle behavior. -emphasized fitness including both fitness development and understanding of the underlying fitness concepts. -shift in emphasis from performance-related to health related fitness. -fitness test used to test the five components of fitness such as cardiovascular endurance, body composition,

flexibility, upper body and abdominal strength and endurance. -health- related benefits could be obtained at more moderate levels of activity intensity than previously realized....