Persuasive Speech Outline- COMM 108 PDF

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Kidist Cheru Prof. Huebner COMM 108- 31260 Persuasive Speech Outline Topic: Public Health General Purpose: To persuade Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience into seeing the good that can come out of taxing overly sugary drinks like soda Thesis Statement: A tax on sugary drinks will allows for positive effect on America’s current public health crisis and eminence tax revenue.

I. Introduction a.  Attention Getter: i. Among  the 91,249 women in the Nurses' Health Study who were followed for 8 years, the risk of diabetes among women who consumed one or more servings of sugar-sweetened beverages per day was nearly double the risk among women who consumed less than one serving of sugar-sweetened beverages per month. Would you want you mom, sister, or even classmate sitting next to you to have double the risk of diabetes just because of one can of soda? b. Reason to Listen: i. With  obesity and diabetes at record level highs, it is important that we do something about it now that would prevent further health epidemics in the future. c. Thesis Statement: i. d. Credibility Statement: i. I have done a decent amount of research on this topic and ii. I have taken a few classes on nutrition and health in both highschool and college e. Preview of Main Points: i. First, I will be discussing the health risks of sugary drinks ii. Then, What the tx is and how will it work iii. Lastly, I will discuss the benefits that come with the tax

II. Sugary drinks are the primary source of added sugar consumed in America. Consumption of these drinks is associated with obesity, which contributes to a range of diseases that are responsible for premature deaths. A public health response to this connection is to tax soda and other sugary drinks in order to reduce their consumption by raising their prices. This is one example of a “sin tax”, a policy that taxes goods or activities that society deems harmful to individuals or to society as a whole. A number of cities, including Philadelphia and Berkeley, have taxed sugary drinks a. There is a growing percentage of people who are obese in the United States. Nearly 40

percent of U.S. adults were obese in 2016, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This is a public health problem because obesity is linked to preventable and premature deaths increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes and some cancers. Research shows a clear and consistent association between people’s consumption of sugary drinks and obesity. And, as the share of Americans who are obese has increased, so too has the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages: it rose markedly among children 2-18 and more than doubled for adults since the late 1970s The worldwide prevalence of obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. Estimated 39%of adults were overweight in 2014, and 13% were obese Around 41 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese in 2016 The Number Of Obese Children And Adolescents rose from 11 million in 1975 to 124 million in 2016 ● The prevalence of overweight in preschool aged children is increasing fastest in lowand lower middle-income countries ● People who consume sugary drinks regularly – 1 to 2 cans a day or more – have a 26% greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes than people who rarely consume such drinks ● The Number People with diabetes has risen from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 ● ● ● ●

b. It is not only health advocates that are concerned for the nations health, but even the National Bureau of Economic Research is using the newest set of studies to make an economic case for a sugary drink tax as well. “Diabetes and obesity are all imposing a financial cost on society,” John Cawley, the co-director of Cornell University’s Institute on Health Economics, Health Behavior and Disparities, said. Diabetes cost  the U.S. $327 billion in health care and lost productivity in 2017, according to the American Diabetes Association. Obesity cost $147 billion. Transition: Now that we know the negatives of consumption, let’s talk about what the actual tax may consist of.

III. Simply put this tax on sugary drinks will work the same as the one that was placed on tobacco products. Just as taxing tobacco helps to reduce tobacco use, taxing sugary drinks can help reduce consumption of sugars. The tax is an excise tax on distributors of sugary drinks. Current taxes in the US are based on volume (one to two cents per ounce). A tax could also be based on the amount of sugar in a drink. Some experts recommend the latter because it directly reflects the amount of harmful substance in the drink and provides a strong incentive for manufacturers to lower the sugar content of their products.

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a. The tax typically would apply to beverages with added sugar, including: Sodas (such as Coke, Pepsi, Mountain Dew) ● Energy and sports drinks (such as Monster, Red Bull, Gatorade, Powerade) ● Fruit-flavored drinks (such as Sunny D, Capri Sun)

b. How much tax? Experts recommend increasing the price by at least 20%, which is around 1.5

-2 cents per ounce. Communities decide on a tax rate based on revenue and health needs while considering what is politically feasible.

Transition: So what are the concerns and benefits of this? IV. Some people are concerned that if governments only taxes sugary soda, then people may some  people will switch to juice, which sounds healthier but packs a lot of sugar. This is where  we can learn from Mexico that doesn’t only tax soda itself, but taxes sweetened drink based on volume. In January 2014, the government of Mexico added a 1 peso per litre excise tax on any non-alcoholic beverage with added sugar to the country’s Special Tax on Production and Services, which is paid by the producer and represents about a 10% increase in price for the consumer. A study conducted by the Mexican National Institute of Public Health and the University of North Carolina evaluating the first two years of implementation showed an average reduction of 7.6% in the purchase of taxed sugary drinks during 2014 and 2015. Households with the fewest resources had an average reduction in purchases of 11.7%. The study showed a 2.1% increase in purchases of untaxed beverages, particularly purchased bottled water. Over US$ 2.6 billion was raised during the first two years of implementation; some of this revenue is beginning to be invested towards installing water fountains in schools across Mexico. So imagine if we did something like this in the United States? c.Taxes On Sugary Drink Help Reduce Consumption and prevent obesity ● Taxation Sugary Drinks An Effective Intervention to reduce sugar consumption ● Evidence Shows That Taxonsugarydrinksthatrises prices by 20% can lead to a reduction in consumption of around 20%, thus preventing obesity and diabetes d. Savings on Healthcare ● Estimates Suggest That,over 10 years, tax sugary drinks of 1 cent per ounce in the United States of America would result in more than US$ 17 billion in healthcare cost savings e.Revenues raised from taxes can be used to promote the health of the population ● This tax could generate approximately $13billion in annual tax revenues in the United States of America in 2016 ● Revenue generated by these taxes could be spent on efforts to improve health care systems, encourage healthier diets, increase physical activity, or build capacity for effective tax administration, further increasing the value of this measure. Outside of just public health, the money can be put toward education, public services, and youth programs V. Conclusion a. Review of Main Points: 1. First, I will be discussing the health risks of sugary drinks 2. Then, What the tx is and how will it work 3. Lastly, I will discuss the benefits that come with the tax b. Thesis Statement: A tax on sugary drinks will allows for positive effect on America’s

current public health crisis and eminence tax revenue. c. Closure: So-called sin taxes represent an effort to tilt consumption away from items that are harmful, such as tobacco, alcohol, and sugary drinks. The revenues generated by these taxes could also benefit health outcomes if they were dedicated for that purpose. Evidence on taxing sugary drinks from the experience in Mexico and elsewhere suggests the policies do reduce people’s consumption of these drinks. d. Call to Action: Hopefully you all take something away from this speech, so that if and when a bill against sugary drinks comes to Maryland not just say ewww taxes, but actually see the good that can come out of it.

References: Frazee, Gretchen. “How Taxing Sugary Drinks Affects a Community's Health and Economy.” PBS , Public Broadcasting Service, 4 Oct. 2018, www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/making-sense/how-taxing-sugary-drinks-affects-a-communitys-healt h-and-economy. Marron, Donald. “Should Governments Tax Unhealthy Foods And Drinks? (Updated).” Forbes , Forbes Magazine, 16 June 2016, www.forbes.com/sites/beltway/2015/12/14/should-governments-tax-unhealthy-foods-and-drinks/#3599 fa0026fb. “Should Governments Tax Sugary Drinks?” Econofact , 5 Dec. 2018, econofact.org/should-governments-tax-sugary-drinks. “Taxing Sugary Drinks.” Healthy Food America , www.healthyfoodamerica.org/taxing_sugary_drinks. Tully, David, et al. “Should Governments Tax Unhealthy Foods and Drinks?” Connects Decision Makers to You , www.bbntimes.com/en/global-economy/should-governments-tax-unhealthy-foods-and-drinks....