Phenytoin medication concept map PDF PDF

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Summary

This is a concept map about the medication Phenytoin. It has info on the nursing considerations and warnings and side effects and administration...

Description

Nurse Interventions: Monitor drug level, Monitor CBC and calcium level every 6 months, Maintain seizure precautions, Closely monitor all patients for changes in mental health

ataxia, decreased coordination, mental confusion, slurred speech, dizziness, headache, insomnia, nervousness, twitching, peripheral neuropathy, vertigo, bradycardia, periarteritis nodosa, hypotension, CV shock, diplopia, nystagmus, blurred vision, thickening of facial features, gingival hyperplasia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, macrocythemia, megaloblastic anemia, toxic hepatitis, hyperglycemia, osteomalacia, SJS, toxic epidermal necrolysis, bullous or purpuric dermatitis, discoloration of skin if given by IV push in back of hand, exfoliative dermatitis, hypertrichosis, inflammation at injection site, necrosis, pain, photosensitivity reactions, scarlatiniform or morbilliform rash, lymphadenopathy, SLE.

May stabilize neuronal membranes and limit seizure activity either by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses.

To control tonic-clonic (grand mal) and complex partial (temporal lobe) seizures, To prevent and treat seizures occurring during neurosurgery, Status epilepticus

Use cautiously in patients with hepatic dysfunction, hypotension, myocardial insufficiency, diabetes, or respiratory depression; in elderly or debilitated patients; and in those receiving other hydantoin derivatives. Elderly patients tend to metabolize drug slowly and may need reduced dosages.

Phenytoin Anticonvulsants, Hydantoin derivatives

By mouth

FEN-i-toe-in, Dilantin-125, Dilantin Infatabs

Give divided doses with or after meals to decrease adverse GI reactions. For chewable tablets, patient may chew thoroughly before swallowing or may swallow whole. Shake suspension well before use. Administer dose using a calibrated oral dosing syringe. Different oral forms aren’t interchangeable. Don’t crush or allow patient to chew extended-release capsules. For oral suspension, withhold enteral feedings for 1 hour before and 1 hour after giving drug....