Ucapawa - Dr. Mark Ocegueda PDF

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Dr. Mark Ocegueda...

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UCAPAWA ● United cannery, agricultural, packing and allied workers of america ● July 1937 ● Better conditions and wages of mexican workers ● Also differed in philosophy from LULAC ● Mexican immigrant workers had a right to work in the U.S. and to participate in labor movement ● First labor organization to attempt to organize undocumented migrant workers El congreso de pueblos de habla espanola ● El congreso ● 1938 - labor and local mexican american and mexican community activists ● Influenced by UCAPAWA ● First met in LA, April 28-30, 1939 ● Founding members included george I. Sanchez, eduardo quevedo, luisa moreno, josefina fierro de bright, bert corona ● Major turning point in mexican american philosophy in ethnic politics ● Education, housing, health, discrimination, segregation, and citizenship ● All spanish speaking people - citizens and non - citizens alike - work together to better conditions in United States ● Immigrants had already become american by virtue of their labor and sacrifice ● Reject assimilation and argue for the preservation of the language and cultural heritage of the spanish-speaking people Pedro J Gonzales and los madrugadores ● Migrates to los angeles in late 1920s ● Begins performing and recording songs ● Records spanish language radio show and recording star of the 1930s ● LA city officials fear gonzales will stir mexican listeners against ethnic whites in the city ● False accusations of rape sends him to san quentin prison on a fifty year sentence ● His accuser recants story and states she was coerced into making the false statements ● Released after serving 6 years in prison and moves to Tijuana, Mexico Lydia mendoza ● “The lark of the border” ● Born in houston, texas in 1916 ● NPR - Lydia Mendoza: The first lady of Tejano ● 1940s - 50s ● Singing and playing guitar by 11 years old ● 1934 - Mal Hombre (Most popular song) ****************

The great depression ● Black tuesday - oct 29, 1929 ○ average income of american family dropped by 40% 1929 - 1932 ● The dust bowl ● By 1940 2.5 million people had fled the great plains and midewest ○ Roughly 200,000 fled to CA ● “Okies” ○ Poor working class white people ● Pressure put on President Hoover to act ○ Scapegoats mexican americans in the US, and put out this myth that the mexican americans take away jobs ● Herbert hoover president and begins indiscriminately deportations ○ Did not check documents ○ 500,000 - 2 million in 1930s ○ 1.2 million were US citizens Hoover and Congressman John Box ● Leading figure in rise of anti mexican nativism ● Made up myth that mexicans steal jobs ○ What caused massive deportations viable Mexican repatriation ● Great depression ● Mexican people scapegoated - anti mexican sentiments rises ● By early 1930s, many cities begin organizing campaigns ti deport mexican workers ● 1929 - 1937 : average of 80,000 mexican people deported per year ● between 1930 -1935: mexican pop. in LA dropped 30% ● 1930-1940: US mexican pop. drops by 40% ● Media used term: “indigents” ○ Waste of taxpayer money ○ To dehumanize and justify deportations Senate Bill 670 - Apology Act of 2005 ● Apology act [passed on 2005 ● Recognized suffering of hundreds of thousands of mexican people who were unlawfully deported out of CA to Mexico...