Week 5 Assignment SC1040 PDF

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SC1040: Week 5 Assignment

Where is evidence of natural adaptation present in the world today? This assignment helps you to make connections between complex ideas.

Natural Adaptation is not exclusive to one group, species, family, or kingdom. The study of life allows us to understand the diversity that natural adaptation has created amongst all living beings.

50 Origins and Diversification Animals are multi-celled consumers that take food into their body, where they digest it and absorb the released nutrients. An animal develops from an embryo (an early developmental stage) to an adult. Animal life began in the sea, and the Earth’s oceans still hold the greatest store of animal diversity. The majority of animals are invertebrates, meaning they do not have a backbone. 1. In the table below, identify each invertebrate by matching it with its characteristics. A. Arthropods E. Flatworms

B. Mollusks F. Sponges

C. Roundworms

D. Cnidarians

G. Echinoderms

F.

sessile, filter-feeding animals with an asymmetrical body plan

D.

animals with radial symmetry and stinging cnidocyte cells

E.

worm-like animal without a body cavity (no coelom)

C.

unsegmented worms that can live in water or on land

B.

animals with a mantle, foot, and sometimes a shell

G.

marine animals with radial symmetry and an endoskeleton

A.

animals with jointed legs and an exoskeleton made out of chitin

2. Non-segmentation allows for evolutionary innovation in body form. (Select only one) ☒ True ☐ False

3. Examine each image and label it either radial symmetry or bilateral symmetry. © Ultimate Medical Academy

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A. radial symmetry

B. bilateral symmetry

a.

b.

a.

b.

Fish and Amphibians Vertebrate span across a diverse array of life on earth today. Fish are the first to evolve and amphibians still live with strong ties to bodies of water which is evident in their life cycle. 4. Fossil evidence shows that vertebrates made the transition from water to land during the _____ period. (Select only one) ☐ Cambrian ☒ Devonian ☐ Triassic ☐ Jurassic ☐ Cretaceous

5. __________ are amphibians that most closely resemble early tetrapods in body form with a long tail and 4 limbs of similar length.

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(Select only one) ☐ Frogs ☐ Snakes ☒ Salamanders ☐ Toads

6. A distinctive characteristic of mammals that is not observed in other vertebrates is ____. (Select only one) ☐ Internal fertilization ☐ body hair ☐ the presence of a cloaca ☒ endothermy ☐ a vertebral column 7. By the end of the _____period, all major animal lineages were present in the seas due to a great adaptive radiation of animals. (Select only one) ☒ Cambrian ☐ Permian ☐ Jurassic ☐ Triassic ☐ Devonian 8. The vertebrate lung first appeared in ___________ (Select only one) ☐ Fishes ☒ Amphibians ☐ Reptiles ☐ Birds ☐ Mammals

Amniotes Amniotes are a vertebrate group that have adapted to life on dry land. Birds, lizards, rats, and kangaroos are examples of amniotes. Identify whether each statement about amniotes is True or False. 9. Amniotes produce eggs that contain fluids that bathe the embryo during gestation. (Select only one)

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☒ True ☒ False 10. Ectotherms change their temperature by modifying their behavior. (Select only one)

☒ True ☐ False 11. Mammals feed their young with insects, plants, and roots. (Select only one)

☐ True ☒ False

12. Bird feathers are modified scales. (Select only one)

☒ True ☐ False 13. Monotremes are pouches animals that live in Australia or New Zealand. (Select only one)

☐ True ☒ False 14. Amniotes differ from amphibians by ____. (Select only one)

☐ their size ☐ possession of lungs ☒ internal fertilization ☐ laying of eggs ☐ being tetrapods

15. Although all mammals are invertebrates, they give birth to their young and nurture them in different ways. Watch this VIDEO entitled, “The Three Ways Mammals Give Birth,” and answer the following questions.

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a. Describe how the placenta keeps the young alive before birth. The placenta sends nutrients and oxygen straight to the embryo via the umbilical cord. b. Explain one way that monotremes are different than marsupials and placental mammals.

Monotremes lay soft-shelled eggs (and secrete milk from pores on their bodies?)

Natural Adaptation Answer the following questions. 16. Label the following animals as Vertebrates or Invertebrates

Animal Horse Snail Worm Cricket Frog

Vertebrate or Invertebrate Vertebrate Invertebrate Invertebrate Invertebrate Vertebrate.

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17. According to this evolutionary tree, which of the following species are Hominoids? Gibbons, Orangutans, Gorillas, and Chimpanzees.

18. The earliest hominin fossils were found in ____. (Select only one) ☒ Africa ☐ Asia ☐ Australia ☐ The South Pacific ☐ Europe 19. The defining trait of hominins is _____. (Select only one) ☒ bipedalism ☐ tool use ☐ a large brain ☐ forward facing eyes ☐ opposable thumbs

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