Written Assignment cph 2711 unit 2 PDF

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CPH 2711 Written assignment unit 2 HS 2611 Written Assign Unit 3 COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH...

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An Analysis of Benner’s Novice to Expert Model Student’s Name Institutional Affiliations Due Date

2 Introduction Benner’s novice to expert theory provides an essential understanding of how nurses acquire knowledge and skills of patient care through education and experience over time. A critique of the theory determines its subject area, the evidence's structure, logical adequacy, usefulness, generalizability, level of parsimony, and testability. This paper discusses all these concepts by critiquing Benner's model. Origin of the Theory According to Ozdemir (2019), Benner’s novice to expert model traces its origin to the Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition, which describes how learners acquire skill via instructions and practice. The Dreyfus model, which was created by studying chess players and aeroplane pilots, was applied to nursing practice to identify how nurses gain new skills and knowledge from the novice to the expert level. In the 1970s, two brothers, Stuart Dreyfus and Hubert Dreyfus, explored and identified the sophisticated developmental journey students make, wishing to gain skills to be considered an expert pilot. Patricia Benner adopted the Dreyfus proposal that students pass through five proficiency levels in skill acquisition: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. Meaning of the Theory The model depicts how professionals move from one level to another, relying on education and experience from the past to guide the practice. Benner’s novice to expert model means that a professional’s understanding and knowledge of situations grows from novicelacking previous experience to being an expert-being confident in practice and intuitive understanding of complex situations. The model provides a foundation of clinical knowledge growth and career development in clinical nursing. Logical Adequacy of the Theory A theory's adequacy (diagramming) critiques the internal consistency of a theory by examining its syntax and content (McEwen & Wills, 2017). Diagramming entails identifying all significant concepts, operational definitions, constructs and referents to illustrate the relationship between these terms. Benner’s theory is evident in its description by applying the phases of moving from a novice to an expert. However, the model is open to criticism since it does account for the independent variables. While Benner's theory is clear to readers, it is unclear in semantics because it does not explain if there are better experts than others or at what stage one becomes an expert. Benner's theory does not define the concept of an expert as it fails to explain what nurses must do to achieve the next level of proficiency. Furthermore, the theory is based on the Dreyfus model, which quantifies how individuals move from novice to expert levels. However, the theory's logical development is flawed since Benner does not attempt to quantify the variables of intelligence, experience, educational background, and workplace variability in clinical settings. Usefulness of the Theory Today, the increased acuity level of patients, healthcare information technology, and improved patient throughput have made nursing practice complex and challenging. Benner's model is useful to nursing practice since it facilitates skill and knowledge attainment when nurses progress through each proficiency level (Thomas & Kellgren, 2017). The theory highlights effective teaching strategies at each phase. For instance, the model could illustrate how a mentor's support is essential to an advanced beginner in setting priorities and identifying important aspects of the practice. The theory is helpful in nursing practice since it helps nurses think critically and make clinical judgments in decision-making. Generalizability of the Theory

3 The generalizability of the theory classifies professionals into five phases. The novice to expert expertise attainment model has collective characteristics since it can be applied to other nursing specialty tracks such as nursing education, practice, and administration. Even though clinical awareness is contextual, interactive, and entails precise issues, it is generalizable when translating meanings to similar situations. Degree of Parsimony within the Theory Parsimony analyzes if the theory is explained clearly and concisely (McEwen & Wills, 2017). Benner's model's degree of parsimony is high since it describes how a nurse transitions through the novice to expert levels. According to Benner, each phase is built on the previous stage as knowledge increase with clinical expertise and experience. Besides the five levels, another seven domains of the nursing: the teaching-coaching function, the helping role, effective management of dynamic situations, diagnostic and patient monitoring function, organizational work-role competencies, monitoring and providing quality healthcare practices, and administration of monitoring treatment interventions and regimens are introduced to evaluate expertise. Testability of the Theory Benner’s model is a mid-range theory that has been tested through multiple studies and self-evaluation and reflection tools to determine its strengths and weaknesses (Thomas & Kellgren, 2017). Tests have been conducted to demonstrate how a nurse progresses from novice to expert level. Benner tested the model by interviewing senior nursing students, graduate nurses, and seasoned nurses. The most significant aspect of testing is understanding the concept of intuition and how it can be proven to have been achieved by nurses. In conclusion, Benner’s skill attainment model delineates how nurses transition from one phase of skill development to another. The theory is used in clinical teaching environments as it identifies how each stage prepares nurses and how information is supposed to be presented to each level of proficiency.

4 References McEwen, M., & Wills, E. (2017). Theoretical basis for nursing (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer Health. Ozdemir, N. (2019). The development of nurses' individualized care perceptions and practices: benner's novice to expert model perspective. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 12(2), 1279-1285. Retrieved 30 March 2021, from. Thomas, C., & Kellgren, M. (2017). Benner’s novice to expert model: an application for simulation facilitators. Nursing Science Quarterly, 30(3), 227-234. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894318417708410...