Appendicitis concept map PDF

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Summary

Download Appendicitis concept map PDF

Description

Disease: Appendicitis Inflammation of the appendix Most common reason for emergency abd surgery

Etiology: -

Obstruction of lumen by a fecalith(accumulated feces) Results in venous distention, venous engorgement, accumulation of mucous and bacteria which can lead to gangrene, perforation, and peritonitis

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Starts with dull periumbilical pain Anorexia N/V Continuous, persistent pain that shifts to the LRQ and localizing at mcburneys point( halfway between umbilicus and right iliac crest) Lowe grade fever Localized tenderness Muscle guarding Rigidity Rebound tenderness Coughing, sneezing, and deep inhalation worsen pain Older adult may report less sever pain, slight fever, and discomfort in the right iliac fossa

S/S:

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Dx studies: -

Differential WBC count; pts can have a mild to moderately elevated wbc count U/A to rule out GU problems CT scan Ultrasound MRI

Care/treatment -

Immediate appendectomy Fluid and antibiotics given before surgery If appendix has ruptures If appendix has ruptured and peritonitis has onset, give fluids parenteral fluids and antibiotics 68 hours before appendectomy to prevent dehydration and sepsis

Nursing care: -

Prevent fluid volume deficit Pain management Preventing complication Pt NPO until doctor evaluates pt Monitor vitals Frequent assessment Give IV fluids, pain meds, and other meds as ordered Provide comfort measures Ambulation a few hours after surgery Advance diet as tolerated Most pts can resume activities 2-3 weeks after surgery...