Carl Rogers and Gloria - Summary Notes PDF

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Summary of Carl Roger's famous counselling session with Gloria, as was covered in the module, and an analysis of that session....

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CARL ROGERS AND GLORIA - SUMMARY NOTES

“If I can create the proper climate [...] a process of therapeutic movement will almost inevitably occur in my client” Empathy Understand inner-world of client from the inside Seeing world through her eyes Sufficiently sensitive to move around in her inner feelings Know what it feels like to be her, entering her world of experience - “So you’re saying you feel that sometimes you’re not acting in a way that’s in accord with your own inner standards?” - “Sounds like you would find it quite hard to believe that they would love you, if they knew you”

Congruence Genuineness - all in one piece in the relationship Realness, transparency Mindful genuineness + conscious communication of this - Personality leaking out in Gloria video - “Sure wish I could give you the answer as to what you should tell her.” - “That sounds like a tough assignment” and laughing - “All I can do is what I am feeling and that is I'm feeling close to you in this moment”

Unconditional positive regard Caring, spontaneous praising of this separate individual Acceptance, non-possessive love - Gloria feels comfortable calling her sexual desires ‘natural’ and ‘healthy’ in therapeutic setting, but it doesn’t sit right with her - Unphased by whatever Gloria discloses, accepts whatever she states, looks kindly on her even if she discloses things she is ashamed of - “I sort of feel a ‘backing up’ from you” (Gloria says, even though Carl doesn’t give her any advice) - “You look to me like a pretty nice daughter. You really do miss the fact that you couldn't be open with your father?”

1. Describe the 3 core conditions (with quotes) a. See above.

2. Critically discuss the relationship between 3 conditions & outcomes in psychotherapy (draw on other research) a. EMPATHY i. Meta-analysis found that clients' perceptions of feeling understood by their ii.

iii.

therapists relate to outcome Therefore important for therapists to make this effort (Greenberg, Watson, Elliot, & Bohart, 2001) Irrespective of liking, high empathy predicted a successful outcome (Mullen & Abeles, 1971)

b. CONGRUENCE  verall link between i. Amalgamation of research findings - O congruence/genuineness and outcomes was moderate but statistically significant (Kolden, Wang, Austin, Chang, & Klein, 2018)

ii.

While only 34% of outcome studies reviewed showed a positive relation to outcome, none showed a negative relation (Klein, Michels, Kolden, & Chisolm-Stockard, 2001)

c. UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD i.

Psychotherapists’s ability to provide unconditional positive regard was only moderately related to treatment outcome in meta-analysis, suggesting that it is significant but it alone cannot always evince therapeutic change. (Farber & Lane, 2001)

If attitudes as described as present the following will happen: - Explore feelings and attitudes more deeply - Discover hidden aspects of self not previously aware of - Love from therapist can lead to love of self - Feeling understood, more readily listen to herself - Senses realness in therapist, can be more real within herself

References Farber, B. A., & Lane, J. S. (2001). Positive regard. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38 ( 4), 390. Greenberg, L. S., Watson, J. C., Elliot, R., & Bohart, A. C. (2001). Empathy. Psychotherapy: Theory, research, practice, training , 38 ( 4), 380.

Klein, M. H., Michels, J. L., Kolden, G. G., & Chisolm-Stockard, S. (2001). Congruence or genuineness. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38 ( 4), 396–400. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.38.4.396 Kolden, G. G., Wang, C. C., Austin, S. B., Chang, Y., & Klein, M. H. (2018). Congruence/genuineness: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy , 55( 4), 424. Mullen, J., & Abeles, N. (1971). Relationship of liking, empathy, and therapist's experience to outcome of therapy. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 18 ( 1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0030397 SHOSTROM, E. L. (Producer). (1965b). Three approaches to psychotherapy  (Transcript). Orange, Calif.: Psychological Films....