Etymology of Communication for Purposive Communication PDF

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A summary of lessons in Purposive Communication ...

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Etymology of Communication

From the Latin words: Cum which means “with” and Munus which means “service, duty, office”. When combined, Cum Munus means “performing an office with”.  After Cum Munus, it became Communis which means “joint, used by two”.  As proof of how dynamic language is, it became Communicare whi ch means “to share, to divide with”.  Centuries passed, the concept of communication has changed dramatically. From the previous three Latin terms, it became Comunicaccion – a French term that bears the meaning of communication as defined today. 

What is Communication?  According to the famous linguist G.G. Brown, “communication is a transfer of information from one person to another, whether or not it elicits confidence. But the information transferred

must be understandable to the receiver”.  Collins Dictionary “communication refers to the systems and processes that are used to communicate or broadcast information, especially by means of electricity or radio waves”

To understand this important difference, we need to take two steps backwards and understand ‘What is Communication?’ and ‘What is the Purpose of Communication?’ Remember, there is no such thing as an Ordinary Communication. The Purpose of Communication is to satisfy some of our needs or that of others. This gives us a scope to define accurately what could be described as Effective Communication. As a result of our Communication, if our needs or others’ needs are satisfied, well, it could definitely be classified as Effective Communication! On the other hand, if our Communication fails to satisfy any such need, it is not Effective Communication. It could only be described as a Defective Communication because we have wasted the Words, Time and Energy of both the parties.

Purposive Communication is about writing, speaking, and presenting to different audiences and for various purposes. There are at least 6 distinct types of communication: non-verbal, verbal-oral-face-to-face, verbal-oral-distance, verbalwritten, formal and informal types of communication. It is somehow a totality of the different ways of communicating that includes writing, speaking and presenting to different audiences. In other words, it is a course that would help us to convey more of the message to our listeners/readers and receivers. It is a vital skill to learn.

Nature of the Communication Process As we all know, human communications is vital for survival and it is one thing in life that we cannot avoid to do. Communication- to be common means “to come together” or “to commune”- “to share something in common” is the process of exchanging ideas, thoughts, feelings and emotions from one person to another with the use of symbols which may be verbal and/or non-verbal aims to understanding. Why we need communication?

to

study

-To understand ourselves as social being; to understand ourselves as a person; to gain professional competence and; to preserve cultural values. Elements of Communication

Human

1. Sender- is the one who initiates the communication. 2. Receiverprovides the sender with feedback which may prompt the sender to clarify the message or signal to carry on as planned. 3. Message- it’s made up of the ideas and feelings that a sender-receiver wants to share with others.

Verbal symbolsexpress through words.  Non- verbal symbolsexpress through gestures, inflection, tone, etc. 4. Channel- is means through which we transmit the message in either vocal or non-vocal messages.  Vocal messages- are verbal and spoken.  Non-vocal messagesmay be expressed in words or non-verbal symbols. 5. Feedback- the behavioral response of the senderreceiver to each other. It is the information that comes back to the sender of the message and informs how well the message is getting through. 6. Noise- an interference the bars the message from being understood or interpreted.  External noisecomes from the physical environment.  Internal noiseconfine within the psychological and sociological nature of individuals when thoughts and feelings are engrossed on something other than the communication at the hand. 

7. Contextrefers to the surrounding/environment that help shape the interaction between and/or among individuals.  Physical context- the physical environment where the communication takes place.  Social context- refers to the relationships the participants hold for each other.  Psychological context- which has to do with the mood and emotions of the communication at the moment of communication. Process of Oral Communication 1. Encoding- is everything that goes inside the brain of an individual. It involves the sender who, grounded by communicative intentions and goals, decides on assigning codes. It’s a systematic arrangement of symbols used by individuals to create meaning. 2. Transmissionis the process by which the sender, having assigned codes to come up with thought symbols

(message) that are also comprehensible by the participant/s of the communication, transmits or sends message to its recipient. 3. Receiving- having been submitted through sound waves and light waves, that comes from the sender then reaches the receiver. It is assumed that the receiver’s attention is focused on the communication at hand to facilitate better understanding of the message transported by the sender. 4. Decoding- is the process by which the receiver interprets or assigns meaning to the codes transported by the source. The receiver tries to give meanings to these symbols which may be literal or may give associations depending on knowledge and/or experience. 5. Responding- response is anticipated by the sender from the receiver feedback. Grammar Guides 1. Nouns- nouns are people, places or things. They tell us

2.

3.

4.

5.

what we are talking about. The words cat, jack, rock, Africa and it are nouns. Adjectivesadjectives modify adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs. They tell us how, when, and where things happen. They express quantity, intensity, frequency, and opinions. Determinersarticles, quantifiers, and other determiners modify nouns. They resemble adjectives in that way. Determiners help us say what we are talking about. Verbs and Verb tenses- verbs are actions words. They tell us what is happening and when (past, present, and future). Verbs can also express possibilities and conditions. Speech- when we report what someone says, we can cite the person directly or

indirectly. Indirect speech rules are an important are of grammar. 6. Punctuationpunctuation is not part of oral grammar, but it is essential to master in written English. 7. Relative clauseswe use relative clauses in English to create more complex and more precise sentences. 8. Grammar test- test your English grammar skills in context, both listening and reading skills included....