Hyperglycemia Concept Map PDF

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hypoglycemia concept map ...

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Hyperglycemia, elevation of blood glucose concentrations above the normal range; it is the laboratory finding that establishes a o Family history diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia results from a decrease o Patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes o Using certain medications, such as in the body’s ability to utilize or store glucose after carbohydrates are steroids ingested and from an increase in the production of glucose by the liver o Psychological and emotional stress during the intervals between meals. It is caused by a decrease in the o and being inactive o Not using enough insulin or oral production of insulin, a decrease in the action of insulin, or a diabetes medication combination of the two abnormalities. Mild hyperglycemia causes no o Not following your diabetes eating symptoms, but more severe hyperglycemia causes an increase in urine plan volume, hunger, thirst, fatigue and weakness, and increased DI AGNOSTI C /LABS&PURPOSE susceptibility to infection. Extremely high blood glucose concentrations result in loss of blood volume, low blood pressure, and o Blood glucose level o hemoglobin (A1C) test: This blood impaired central nervous system function (hyperglycemic coma). High test indicates your average blood sugar blood sugar (hyperglycemia) affects people who have diabetes. level for the past two to three months. It works by measuring the percentage Hyperglycemia is caused by not using enough insulin or oral diabetes of blood sugar attached to medication, not following your diabetes eating plan, patients with type hemoglobin. An A1C level of 7 1 and 2 diabetes, using certain medications, such as steroids, percent or less means that your treatment plan is working Psychological and emotional stress and being inactive. ( Li f est yl e&Medi cal )

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fasting plasma glucose oral glucose tolerance tests

Blood test Normal fasting blood glucose levels are less than 100 mg/dL

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POT.COMPLI CATI ONS o o o o o o o

Priority Medical Diagnosis Hyperglycemia

S&S Polyphagia Polydipsia Polyuria Blurred vision Fatigue Weight loss Headache Poor wound healing Dry mouth Seizures Recurrent infections

Cardiovascular disease Nerve damage (neuropathy) Kidney damage/ failure diabetic retinopathy) nonhealing wounds (leading to infection) Diabetic ketoacidosis. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome.

NSG CARE/I NTERVENTI ONS MEDI CAL/SURGI CALTX&PURPOSE o

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Drug/ Medication therapy Examples include Biguanides, Exenatide, Sulfonylureas, Humalog, humulin and lantus: To decrease blood glucose and A1C levels. Primary care provider Dietician and nutritionist primary nurse Wound specialist or wound vacuum if patient has a wound that is not healing. Surgeon if patient with diabetes had a non-healing wound that needs amputation

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NSG DI AGNOSES o

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Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance related to diabetes as evidence by blood glucose level of 687 and potassium level of 3.8. Risk for infection related to High glucose levels, decreased leukocyte function, alterations in circulation Fatigue related to decreased metabolic energy production and insufficient insulin as evidence by impaired ability to concentrate, lack of energy and patient stating his is very tired and weak.

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Administer medications as prescribed by a physician Monitor blood glucose and A1C levels Monitor labs Monitor patient for hypoglycemia and other side effects after medication administration Educate patient about what to do on a sick day Educate client and encourage healthy diet and exercise. Maintain fluid replacement and hydration Maintain good hygiene if patient has a wound to prevent infection....