Summary Anatomy - Apuntes 1 PDF

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JANUARY 15, 2021

ACTIVITY 1 TOPIC 1- GENERALITIES OF THE HUMAN BODY HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 CHERLYN AMERICA YAÑEZ SALAZAR CARRIER: PHYSICAL THERAPY, AREA: REHABILITATION Group: TFM21

Summary Anatomy is the science that describes the structure of the human body in general, while physiology studies the functions of these structures; including the biophysical and biochemical processes involved. To be able to study the human body it is necessary to obese him in the anatomic position, which consists of a person remaining upright, with his feet flat on the floor and close to each other, the arms on the sides or palms of the hands and face facing in front. There are different anatomical planes which are represented by imaginary axes and lines that cut the human body, the main anatomic planes are: the sagittal, which is the one that splits with a vertical line the body and divides the portions into right and left; (e) front, refers to the imaginary line which is also vertical and divides the body into anterior (forward) and posterior (back); and transverse, consists of a horizontal imaginary line that divides the body into the upper (top) and bottom (bottom) parts. To facilitate the study of the human body, body regions are used, these divide the body into two main regions: armpit (torso, neck and skull) and appendicular (arms, hips, and legs). The axillary region is subdivided into thoracic region, above the diaphragm and abdominal region, below that muscle; one way to refer to the location of abdominal structures is to divide the region into quadrants: two perpendicular lines are considered to intersect in the navel and divide the abdomen into a right upper quadrant (RUQ)(esophagus, bile liver and vesicle), right lower quadrant (RLQ)(appendix), upper left quadrant (LUQ)(stomach and pancreas) and left lower quadrant (LLQ)(small intestine and part of the large intestine). You can also divide the abdomen into nine regions defined by four intersecting lines and forming a kind of grid. The three regions in each side column of the grid are, from top to bottom, hypochondrial, lumbar and inguinal (iliac). The three medial regions, from top to bottom, are epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric (pubic).} The appendicular region of the body is composed of the upper and lower limbs. Upper limbs are the arm (brachial region), forearm (forearm region), wrist (carpal region), hand (manual region), and fingers (digits). The lower extremities are thigh (femoral region), leg (calf region), ankle (Tarsian region), foot (middle region) and fingers (digits). Body cavities are bodily spaces that it contains, protect, separate and support organs and are separated by various structures such as: bones, muscles and cartilage They are divided into 4 body cavities: cranial cavity (it is enclosed in the skull and contains the brain), spinal canal (it is located inside the spine (backbone) and contains the spinal cord), these two cavities are continuous with each other and are covered by three layers of membranes called meninges , have the function of protecting delicate nerve tissue from injury that could cause the hard bone to protect them; Chest cavity, this develops through the embryonic process, inside the trunk forms a space called celoma, later, a muscle foil is formed, the diaphragm,

which divides the celom into chest cavity, upper, and abdominopelvic cavity, lower, the abdominopelvic cavity is formed by the abdominal cavity, at the top, and the pelvic cavity, in the lower. Abdominal contains most of the digestive organs, in addition to the spleen, kidneys and ureters. Downwards, it extends to the level of the bone part called the edge of the pelvis....