1301 Unit #1 Study Guide PDF

Preview

Summary

Download 1301 Unit #1 Study Guide PDF

Description

HIST 1301 Unit #1 Lecture/ Study Guide (Chapters 1-4) Mr. Vangroll AM classes are responsible for (A) essay questions. PM classes are responsible for (B) essay questions. One essay question from your respective group (A or B) will be selected for your exam. Chapter 1: A New World Essay Questions: A) Using multiple examples, analyze the impact Spain’s sixteenth-century exploration and conquest of the New World had on Native Americas. B) Analyze the priorities of the Spanish versus the French and Dutch in their zeal to colonize the Western Hemisphere in the age of expansion. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Study/ Lecture Outline: A Adam Smith, 1776. 1. Two greatest events in world history. B Culture of Corn. 1. Rise of civilizations. a. Aztecs, Cahokia, Hopi & Zuni, Iroquois. 2. Three-sister farming. C Indians and Europeans- Cultural Differences. 1. Religion, property, gender relations, freedom and authority (coverture). D Portuguese Exploration. 1. Prince Henry the Navigator. 2. Caravel and Astrolabe. E Christopher Columbus, 1492. 1. Asian spice trade. 2. Amergio Vespucci. F Spain’s Exploration and Conquest. (16th Century) 1. Ponce de Leon, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, Ferdinand Magellan, Herman Cortez, Francisco Pizzaro. 2. Columbian Exchange. 3. Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494. 4. Conquistadores. a. Mestizos. b. Virgin of Guadalupe. 5. Reqiermento and the Encomienda System. 6. Catholic Church. a. Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses, 1517. 7. Bartolome de Las Casas. a. A Very Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indies, 1552. b. His views on slavery. c. Black Legend. d. Repartimiento System. 8. North America Exploration. a. Hernando de Soto, Francisco de Coronado. 1

b. St. Augustine. c. Don Juan de Onate and Pope’s Rebellion. 9. Birth of Capitalism. G French Colonization. 1. Samuel de Champlain. a. Quebec. 2. Religious toleration 3. Assimilation. 4. Robert de La Salle. a. New Orleans. H Dutch Colonization. 1. Golden Age a. Dutch East and West India companies. b. Joint-stock companies. 2. Henry Hudson. 3. New Netherlands. a. Manhattan Island. b. Women and slavery property ownership rights. c. Patroonships. ______________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 2: Beginnings of English America (1607-1660) Essay Questions: A) Using multiple examples, describe Puritan society and how their success ultimately undermined their Puritanism. B) Following the Protestant Reformation, to what extent did religious conflict in England contribute to the colonization of North America in the 17th century? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Study/ Lecture Outline: A Protestant Reformation. 1. King Henry VIII and Anglican Church. 2. Queen Elizabeth. a. Roanoke. b. Defeat of the Spanish Armada and its impact. 3. Richard Hakluyt’s Discourse on Western Planting, 1584. a. Spread the Protestant faith in the New World. 4. England’s social crisis. a. Surplus population. b. The New World and the definition of freedom. B Chesapeake Colonies. 1. Joint- stock companies. 2. Jamestown, (Virginia.) a. Capt. John Smith and Pocahontas. b. Virginia House of Burgesses. 3. Mortality rates. a. Imbalance in gender ratio. 4. Headright system. 5. Indentured servants. 6. Impact on the Native Americans. 7. Introduction of slavery, 1619. 2

8. The Powhatan Uprising. 9. Virginia (Gold) tobacco. a. Impact of tobacco on soil and labor. b. Tobacco brides. 10. Women and family. 11. Maryland. a. Acts of Toleration. C Martin Luther and John Calvin. 1. Predestination. 2. Visible Saints. D The Rise of Puritanism. 1. Anglican Church- not pure enough! a. Queen Elizabeth’s Middle Way. b. King James Bible. 2. Plymouth Colony. a. Mayflower Compact. 3. John Winthrop a. Definitions of liberty. 4. Massachusetts Bay Colony. a. Great Migration. E Puritan Society. 1. What was Puritanism? 2. The Puritan Family. a. Women. 3. Government and society- Body of Liberties. a. Intolerant of other faiths. b. Visible Saints. 4. Establishment of Harvard and Yale. 5. Roger Williams and Ann Hutchison. 6. Rhode Island. a. Complete religious freedom. 7. Connecticut. a. Thomas Hooker. b. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. 8. Pequot War, (Puritan Irish Tactics.) 9. Decline of Puritanism. a. Profits, distance. b. Half-Way Covenant, (Baptism only.) ______________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 3: Creating Anglo-America (1660-1750) Essay Questions: A) Analyze why seventeenth-century North American colonies transitioned from indentured servitude to slavery. B) Compare and contrast the Puritans (ref. Chapter 2) and William Penn’s views of their colonies as “holy experiments.” --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Study/ Lecture Outline: A Mercantilism, (control of natural resources equals national wealth & power.) 1. Navigation Acts. 3

a. Dutch competition. b. Salutary neglect. 2. Positives and negative effects on the colonies. B New York, (from Dutch to English control.) 1. Freedoms lost and maintained. C Carolina. 1. Barbados Slave Codes. 2. North and South Carolina. a. Charles Town. b. Generous Headrights. 3. Rice and slavery. D William Penn and the Quakers. 1. Persecution. 2. “Holy Experiment”- equality for all. 3. Swear not at all- strict code of personal morality. E From Indentured Servitude to Slavery. 1. Improved economic conditions in Europe. 2. Royal African Company. 3. Bacon’s Rebellion. a. Class warfare. F Dominion of New England, (regain control of the NE colonies.) 1. Sir Edmond Andros. 2. Voting rights. G Salem Witch Trials. 1. Greed, male domination, and female sexuality. H Diverse Population. 1. High birth rate. 2. Multiple European ethnicities. 3. Melting Pot. I Consumer Revolution, (market for colonial goods.) 1. Colonial cities and seaports. J Social Classes in the Colonies. 1. Colonial elite- “Anglicization.” 2. Poor- scarcity of local land. 3. Middle-class farmers- land guaranteed political freedom. 4. Women’s role- vital for success. ______________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 4: Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire (to 1763) Essay Questions: A) Compare and contrast how Great Britain and their colonists in North America viewed Republicanism, Liberalism, and free speech in the first half of the 18th century. B) Briefly explain the Age of Enlightenment and the Great Awakening. Include in your description an analysis of how these movements impacted the British colonies in North America. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Study/ Lecture Outline: A Slavery. 1. Promoted the militarization of West African states. a. Less than 5% sold in North America. 4

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

G.

2. Triangle Trade Routes a. Middle Passage. 3. New England colonial slavery. a. Low demand = greater freedoms. 4. Chesapeake colonial slavery. a. Tobacco, dockworkers, domestic servants. b. Growth of slave families and communities. 5. Carolina colonial slavery. a. Rice (immunity to Malaria) b. Large demand = severe Black codes. c. Isolation, little family or community development. 6. Georgia a. James Oglethorpe. b. Debtors/ buffer colony. c. Slavery and alcohol. 7. Slave religion. 8. Slave Uprisings. a. New York Slave Revolt. b. Stono Slave Revolt, (African warriors.) British Liberty. 1. Republicanism: only the aristocracy was qualified to govern society. 2. Liberalism: John Locke- “Social Contract.” 3. Land ownership resulted in a virtuous society. 4. Percentage of voters: colonies vs. Britain. Colonial Government. 1. Legislature: Lower House 2. Salutary neglect. Colonial Press. 1. Free speech. 2. Peter Zenger Trial. American Enlightenment. 1. Deism. 2. Impact of the enlightenment. 3. Ben Franklin and his scientific achievements. Great Awakening. 1. Arminianism. 2. Rev. Jonathan Edwards. a. Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God. 3. Rev. George Whitfield. 4. Impact of the Great Awakening. a. Old and New Lights. b. Unifying event. c. Established precedent to challenge authority. French and Indian War (Seven Years War.) 1. Spanish and French North America. a. Presidios. 2. Causes. 3. Albany Plan of Union 4. William Pitt. 5

5. Battle of Quebec. 6. Treaty of Paris, 1763. 7. Proclamation of 1763. a. Pontiac’s Rebellion and Indian nationalism. 8. Colonial identity. ______________________________________________________________________________

6...