Botany Lecture Final PDF

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These are all the quiz question leading up to the final exam....

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QUIZ 19:Elements of Evolution Elements of Systematics 1. Sources of genetic variations are_____ SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AND GENE MUTATIONS. 2. Which one of the following statements best describes the difference between artificial and natural selection? NATURAL SELECTION ACTS WITHOUT THE INPUT OF HUMANS; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION REQUIRES HUMAN INPUT. 3. Convergent evolution can occur only when two species___. EVOLVE UNDER SIMILAR SELECTIVE FORCES. 4. Which of the following is not capable of evolving? YOUR PET (CAT OR DOG). 5. A classification system that shows evolutionary relationships is ____ PHYLOGENETIC. 6. Acer rubrum, Acer saccharinum and Acer saccharum are all classified as members of the same ___. GENUS. 7. Which of the following is NOT part of Darwin’s formulation of the process of evolution? THE CENTRAL ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL SELECTION. 8. ___ is the sum total of all alleles of all the genes in a population. THE GENE POOL. 9. The sole criterion for the fitness of an individual is ___ relative to other individuals in a population. THE NUMBER OF SURVIVING OFFSPRING. 10. _____ occurs when a group of individuals becomes reproductively isolated from the population: SPECIATION. 11. Which of these are domains of life on Earth? EUKARYA AND BACTERIA. 12. When a moss spore germinates it forms a ___ through ___. PROTONEMA, MITOSIS. 13. You recognize a male liverwort gametophyte, of marchantia for example, because it bears ___. ANTHERIODIOPHORES. 14. In general, in mosses, the gametophyte obtains nutrients and water from ___. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT; GAMETOPHYTE. 15. Peat moss or Sphagum is able to retain water because its leaf-like structures are able to rapidly absorb and store water in ___. NONPHOTOSYNTHETIC CELLS. 16. Which of these statements is true? BRYOPHYTES POSSES ROOT-LIKE STRUCTURES, RHIZOIDS, WHICH FUNCTION FOR ANCHORAGE ONLY. 17. Hydroids are __ and are found in __. WATER-CONDUCTING CELLS, PHYLUM BRYOPHYTA ONLY. 18. What cell division process produces an egg and a sperm in bryophytes? MITOSIS. 19. Bryophytes____. EVOLVED FROM GREEN ALGAE ANCESTORS. QUIZ 20& 21: Bryophytes & SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS: 20. Psilotum is a genus of ___. WHISK FERNS. 21. Bryophytes that possess stomata with guard cells as an adaptation to life in terrestrial ecosystems are ___. HORNWORTS AND TRUE MOSSES. 22. In a typical member of Polypodiopsida, the ___. ANTHERIDIA AND ARCHEGONIA FORM ON THE PROTHALLUS. 23. How is the alternation of generations different in seedless vascular plants than in

Bryophytes? FREE RESPONSE QUESTION. 24. A cross-section through a stem of an extinct seedless vascular plant reveals a PROTOSTELE. 25. In ferns, the annulus function in SPORE DISPERSAL. 26. Lycopodiophytes are the earliest group of vascular plants to possess megaphylls: FALSE. 27. In seedless vascular plants the dominant generation is the___. SPOROPHYTE. 28. Selaginella’s life cycle is different from that of Polypodium in that Selaginella develops both a microgametophyte and a megagametophyte: TRUE. 29. The first vascular plants consisted of: PHOTOSYNTHETIC STEMS AND SPORANGIA. 30. A homosporous fern produces___ of spores. ONE TYPE. QUIZ 22: 31. The following are significant selective advantages of seeds except for one. Which one is it?SEEDS NO NOT CONTAIN FOOD FOR THE DEVELOPING EMBRYO. 32. The reproduction in seed plants differs from that in seedless plants in that _______________ .a. In the majority of seed plants, fertilization is possible without the presence of water. 33. On a pine tree, simple cones contain _______ and compound cones contain _________ microsporangia; megasporangia. 34. The female maidenhair tree, Ginkgo biloba produces ______ .FLESHY, ROUND SEEDS. 35. Although so different, gnetophyta plants are classified together in a single phylum because ________. of molecular evidence and presence of vessel elements. 36. Just before fertilization, a gymnosperm ovule contains __________.ARCHEGONIA. 37. Which of the following statements about gymnosperms is FALSE?The male gametophyte produces several antheridia. 38. In gymnosperms, pollination occurs usually by __________.WIND. 39. Palm Like gymnosperms belong to the phylum __________. Cycadophyta. 40. In the pine life cycle, fertilization occurs ________ after pollination.15 MONTHS. QUIZ 23: 41. In flowering plants, sperm is produced in the pollen grain, which represents the plant’s ______ . microgametophyte . 42. The very existence of seed allows plants to survive periods unsuitable for growth. Flowering plants are even better suited to survive unfavorable environmental conditions than gymnosperms because ________.their seeds are not exposed to the environment. 43. One of the trends in the evolution of flower structure is ___________ .from numerous stamens to 4, 5, or 6 stamens. 44. The most primitive angiosperms are ________ . basal angiosperms. 45. A plant in the sunflower (Asteraceae) family, such as sunflower could be identified as a member of that family based on the presence of __________ .complex inflorescences. 46. Compared to cross-pollination, self-pollination tends to be associated with _________. reduced genetic variability of offspring.

47. Which of the following is not characteristic of both angiosperms and gymnosperms? ovules located inside ovaries, which develop into fruits. 48. Typically, wind-pollinated plants have flowers that __________. ARE ODORLESS....