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Handout 3.1

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

PRETEST Circle the correct answer. 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

When directional terms are used, it is considered that the body is in the position of known as the a.

prone position.

b.

anatomic position.

c.

abdominopelvic region.

d.

anatomic plane.

reference

The meaning of the prefix bi- is a.

toward.

b.

two.

c.

one.

d.

pertaining to.

The combining form that means “front” is a.

cephal/o.

b.

super/o.

c.

dors/o.

d.

anter/o.

Which of the following is a suffix that means “toward”? a.

ad-

b.

uni-

c.

-ad

d.

-ior

The medical term meaning “pertaining to below” is a.

anterior.

b.

posterior.

c.

inferior.

d.

superior.

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

The term meaning “pertaining to a side” is a.

anterior.

b.

medial.

c.

ventral.

d.

lateral.

The imaginary vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sides is called the a.

sagittal plane.

b.

frontal plane.

c.

transverse plane.

d.

coronal plane.

The medical term meaning “to the right and left of the umbilical region” is a.

iliac region.

b.

hypochondriac region.

c.

lumbar region.

d.

hypogastric region.

RLQ is the abbreviation for a.

left upper quadrant.

b.

left lower quadrant.

c.

right upper quadrant.

d.

right lower quadrant.

The abbreviation for the medical term meaning “pertaining to above” is a.

PA.

b.

ant.

c.

sup. (aka superior)

d.

AP.

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.2

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

WORD PARTS FOR DIRECTIONAL TERMS Match word parts and combining forms with their definitions. _____

1.

bi- K

a.

one

_____

2.

uni- A

b.

above

_____

3.

-ad P

c.

below

_____

4.

-ior I

d.

head (upward)

_____

5.

ventr/o J

e.

back, behind

_____

6.

super/o B

f.

away

_____

7.

proxim/o N

g.

side

_____

8.

poster/o E

h.

front

_____

9.

medi/o O

i.

pertaining to

_____ 10.

later/o G

j.

belly (front)

_____ 11.

infer/o C

k.

two

_____ 12.

dors/o M

l.

tail (downward)

_____ 13.

dist/o F

m. back

_____ 14.

cephal/o D

n.

near

_____ 15.

caud/o L

o.

middle

_____ 16.

anter/o H

p.

toward

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.3

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

BUILD DIRECTIONAL TERMS Use the suffix -ior to build the medical terms defined in numbers 1–4. 1.

pertaining to the front

___ANTERIOR________________________________

2.

pertaining to below

____INFERIOR_______________________________

3.

pertaining to the back

_____POSTERIOR______________________________

4.

pertaining to the front and to the back

______ANTEROPOSTERIOR_____________________

Use the suffix -al to build the medical terms defined in numbers 5–8. 5.

pertaining to the tail

______CAUDAL_____________________________

6.

pertaining to the middle and to the side

__MEDIOLATERAL____________________________

7.

pertaining to one side (only)

__UNILATERAL_____________________________

8.

pertaining to near

____PROXIMAL_______________________________

Use the suffix -ad to build the medical terms defined in numbers 9–10. 9. 10.

toward the head

_____CEPHALAD__________________________

toward the tail

_________CAUDAD_______________________

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.4

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

ANTONYMS Write the antonym in the blank beside each term. 1.

posterior ____ANTERIOR________________________

2.

caudal

________CEPHALIC____________________

3.

distal

___PROXIMAL_________________________

4.

ventral

________DORAL___________________

5.

inferior

_____SUPERIOR_______________________

6.

medial

____LATERAL________________________

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.5

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

DEFINE ANATOMICAL PLANES AND ABDOMINOPELVIC REGIONS Match the terms with their definitions. _____ 1.

iliac regions D

a.

to the right and left of the epigastric region

_____ 2.

lumbar regions I

b.

around the navel (umbilicus)

_____ 3.

sagittal F

c.

vertical plane passing through the body from side to side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior positions

_____ 4.

epigastric region E

d.

to the right and left of the hypogastric region

_____ 5.

transverse H

e.

superior to the umbilical region

_____ 6.

hypochondriac regionsA

f.

vertical plane passing through the body from front to back, dividing the body into right and left sides

_____ 7.

frontal or coronal C

g.

inferior to the umbilical region

_____ 8.

hypogastric region G portions

h.

horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower

_____ 9.

umbilical region B

i.

to the right and left of the umbilical region

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.6

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

SPELLING Correct any misspelled terms in the following list by writing them correctly in the space at the right. 1.

proxemal

PROXIMAL______________________________________________

2.

hypocondriac HYPOCHONDRIAC_______________________________________

3.

saggital

SAGITTAL_______________________________________________

4.

epegastric

EPIGASTRIC_____________________________________________

5.

cadal

CAUDAL________________________________________________

6.

ileac

ILIAC___________________________________________________

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.7

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

VOCABULARY ENHANCEMENT The following terms did not appear in the text but are composed of word parts studied in this chapter or previous chapters. Find their definitions by translating the word parts literally. 1.

anterolateral

PERTAINING TO THE FRONT AND THE SIDE________________

2.

anteromedial

PERTAINING TO THE SIDE AND THE MIDDLE_______________

3.

anterosuperior PERTAINING TO THE FRONT AND THE ABOVE______________

4.

cephalocaudal PERTAINING TO THE HEAD AND TAIL_____________________

5.

dorsocephalad PERTAINING TO THE BACK AND THE HEAD________________

6.

superolateral

PERTAINING TO ABOVE AND THE SIDE____________________

7.

ventrodorsal

PERTAINING TO THE FRONT AND THE BACK_______________

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.8

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

ABBREVIATIONS Write the letter of the abbreviation next to the medical term it abbreviates. _____

1.

left lower quadrant E

a.

ant

_____

2.

anterior A

b.

AP

_____

3.

lateral D

c.

inf

_____

4.

left upper quadrant F

d.

lat

_____

5.

anteroposterior B

e.

_____

6.

Inferior C

f.

LUQ

_____

7.

Superior K

g.

med

_____

8.

Medial G

h.

RUQ

_____

9.

Posteroanterior J

i.

RLQ

_____ 10.

right lower quadrant I

j.

PA

_____ 11.

right upper quadrant H

k.

sup

LQ

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.9

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

MEDICAL DICTIONARY Use your medical dictionary to find terms that begin with the following word parts and combining forms. Write the medical term and its definition in the spaces provided. 1.

bi-

New medical term: ____BILATERAL____________________ Definition: ______2 SIDES_____________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

2.

uni-

New medical term: _____UNILATERAL___________________ Definition: _______________ONE SIDE____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

3.

dors/o

New medical term: ___________DORSOMEDIAL_____________ Definition: ____________BACK AND MIDDLE______________________________ ____________________________________________________________

4.

later/o

New medical term: __LATERODORSAL______________________ Definition: ________SIDE AND TO THE BACK______________________________ ____________________________________________________________

5.

ventr/o

New medical term: ____VENTROCAUDAL____________________ Definition: _________FRONT OF THE TAIL______________________________ ____________________________________________________________

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

Handout 3.10

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

Use It Instructions: Write the correct medical term to complete the sentence. Hint: anterior anteroposterior bilateral cephalad coronal distal epigastric frontal hypogastric iliac lateral lumbar posterior proximal sagittal Sims transverse Trendelenburg umbilical unilateral

1.

Percussion of the __ANTERIOR____________ wall of the chest is a technique for assessing the front of the chest.

2.

The frontal, or ___CORONAL___________, plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.

3.

The ____ILLIAC_______regions are to the right and left of the hypogastric region.

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

4.

During a surgical procedure, the pulmonary artery was divided near or PROXIMAL_________ to its bifurcation.

5.

_____CEPHALAD______ means toward the head.

6.

The ______UMBILICAL____ region is the region around the navel.

7.

The horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions is called the __TRANSVERSE__________ plane.

8.

The physician palpated directly below the umbilical region, in the ___HYPOGASTRIC_________ region.

9.

Vocal fold paralysis may be unilateral, affecting one vocal cord, or ____BILATERAL_____________, affecting both vocal cords.

10. Management of cystadenomas of the ovary is ___UNILATERAL_______ salpingooophorectomy, the surgical removal of the uterine tube and ovary of the affected side only. 11. In radiology, the nonacute trauma routine shoulder projection is the AP, or _____ANTEROPOSTERIOR________________, in internal and external rotation.

12. For a robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, the patient is placed in the ____TREDENLENBURG______________ position, where he is lying on the back with the body tilted so that the head is lower than the feet. 13. In preparation for a colonoscopy, the patient was placed in the _______SIMS______________ position on her left side with her right knee drawn up and her left arm drawn behind, parallel to the back.

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

83

Chapter 3  Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants_________________________

SPELLING DICTATION LIST The following is a list of terms that may be recited for students to spell as part of the examination. Use the list as is or design your own list by adding or deleting terms. 1.

anterior

2.

bilateral

3.

cephalic

4.

distal

5.

Fowler position

6.

superior

7.

proximal

8.

lumbar

9.

iliac

10.

ventral

11.

medial

12.

inferior

13.

caudal

14.

quadrant

15.

umbilical

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

84

Chapter 3  Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants_________________________ Handout Answer Key

3 Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants

HANDOUT 3.1 Pretest 1.

b

6.

d

2.

b

7.

a

3.

d

8.

c

4.

c

9.

d

5.

c

10.

c

8.

e

9.

o

10.

g

11.

c

12.

m

13.

f

14.

d

15.

l

16.

h

HANDOUT 3.2 Word Parts for Directional Terms 1.

k

2.

a

3.

p

4.

i

5.

j

6.

b

7.

n

HANDOUT 3.3 Build Directional Terms 1.

anterior

2.

inferior

3.

posterior

4.

anteroposterior

5.

caudal

6.

mediolateral

7.

unilateral

8.

proximal

9.

cephalad

10.

caudad

HANDOUT 3.4 Antonyms 1.

anterior

3.

proximal

2.

cephalic

4.

dorsal

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

5.

superior

6.

Copyright © 2014, 2012, 2009, 2005, 2002, 1998, 1994, 1989, 1985 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

lateral

Exploring Medical Language, 9th ed. Lafleur

87

Chapter 3  Directional Terms, Planes, Positions, Regions, and Quadrants_________________________

HANDOUT 3.5 Define Anatomical Planes and Abdominopelvic Regions 1.

d
...