PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS Concept MAP PDF

Preview

Summary

PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS CONCEPT MAPPING. USE IT FOR ACADEMIC...

Description

CONCEPT MAPPING PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

is defined as an active infection of the lungs, a type of bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes it. An infectious and inflammatory disease of the lungs, acquired by inhaling droplets containing bacteria.

Signs and Symptoms

ETIOLOGY:  

Thin looking

LABORATORY STUDIES

Night sweats Hemoptysis Subjective Fever Weight Loss SOB

CHEST X-RAY A chest X-ray is an imaging test that uses X-rays to look at the structures and organs in your chest. SPUTUM TEST – A sputum culture is a test that checks for bacteria or another type of organism that may be causing an infection in your lungs or the airways leading to the lungs. Sputum, also known as phlegm, is a thick type of mucus made in your lungs.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Droplet nuclei (coughing, sneezing)

RISK FACTORS:  Close contact with someone who has active TB  Immunocompromised status  Substance abuse  Person without adequate health care (e.g. children under 15 y.o. and adults ages 15-44 y.o.)  Preexisting medical conditions  Immigration from countries with a high prevalence of TB  Institutionalization  Living in overcrowded places  Health care workers

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF PTB inhales mycobacterium & infected Transmitted to the airways of alveoli Deposited & multiply Body’s Immune system respond, inflammatory reaction Immune cells organize in a spherical structure granuloma Lesions may calcify and form scars and may heal over a period of time. due to environmental (Hiv, malnutrition) granuloma disintegrates, reactivation of tubercle bacilli to spread & form more lesions .

TB

MEDICAL OR SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

 Pyrazinamide 500mg tab / PO  Ethambutol tab / PO  INH tab / PO & I.M  B complex tab / PO  Rifampicin 500mg tab / PO  Azitrhomycin 750 mg cap OD for 5 days  Oxygen inhalation of 4l/min via nasal prong. 

Closed thoracostomy tube insertion instructed by the doctor.

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES: METHODS MEDICATION – Instruct patient to take the following medication prescribed by the physician interminably.

Pyrazinamide Ethambutol INH tab B complex Rifampicin Azitrhomycin EXERCISE – Teach patient deep breathing exercise . Prevent extraneous activity. TREATMENT – Follow faithfully the prescribed treatment for tb especially the medications HEALTH TEACHING – practice hand washing, always cover mouth when coughing, do not spit anywhere to prevent the transfer of TB

OUTPATIENT – Advise patient to seek medical anything happens or if condition worsens. Advise patient to follow up check ups. Advise patient to report to the physician about the progress of his condition. DIET – always drink lots of water. eat fruits rich in vitamin c (citrus, orange) and vegetables, and high protein diet. SPIRITUAL E ti d...