Valium - Medication card. PDF

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Medication card....

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Pharm Phorm Prototype drug: Valium/Diazepam Class: Therapeutic: antianxiety agent, sedative/hypnotic, skeletal muscle relaxant Pharmacological: benzodiazepine Clinical Indications: (top three) 1. Adjunct in management of anxiety disorder 2. Anxiety associated with acute MI 3. Management of symptoms of alcohol withdrawal Mechanism of Action: depresses CNS, probably by potentiating GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, reduces skeletal muscle relaxation by inhibiting polysynaptic afferent pathways Side/Adverse Effects: (adverse in bold) Respiratory depression, dizziness, drowsiness, paradoxical excitation, depression, hypotension (IV), lethargy, ataxia, slurred speech, headache, paradoxical excitation, N/V Route and Dosage: Adults only Antianxiety- PO: 2-10mg 2-4x daily IM/IV: 2-10mg, may repeat in 3-4hr as needed Nursing Implications: (top 3) 1. Do not confuse diazepam with diltiazem 2. Monitor bp, pulse, RR prior to and periodically throughout therapy 3. Prolonged high- dose therapy may lead to psychological or physical dependence Patient Teaching Caution patient to avoid taking other CNS depressants Emphasize importance of follow up appointments to determine effectiveness of medication Advise patient to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned Other Considerations: (controlled substance; narrow therapeutic window; short half-life; peak and trough; antidote, etc.) Schedule IV drug Antidote- flumazenil PO- onset (30-60 min), peak (1-2hr), duration (up to 24 hr)

IM- onset (within 20 min), peak (0.5-1.5hr), duration (unknown) IV- onset (1-5 min), peak (15-30 min), duration (15-60 min)

References Vallaerand, A.H. & Sanoski, C.A. (2019). Davis's Drug Guide for Nurses. Philadelphia, PA. F. A. Davis Company. http://online.statref.com/Document.aspx?docAddress=N6Gco_9BBDOQaaQ0KDh78Q...