ANAT&PHYS S2 M5 L5.02H Assignment PDF

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Describe the common tissues found in the organs of the intestinal tract. (4 points) ! Serosa is a tissue found in the intestinal tract. The serosa is the outermost layer of the intestinal tract. It secretes certain fluids that make the surface of the tract slippery so organs can easy maneuver against each other. Another tissue is the muscle layer. The muscle layer has two sublayers, the circular muscle layer and the longitudinal muscle layer, that help push chyme through the intestinal tract as they contract and relax. The next tissue would be the submucosa. The submucosa has nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. Finally, the last tissue is the mucosa. The mucosa is the innermost layer that is made up of a thin layer of epithelial cells. Its folds, plicae circulares, have tiny projections called villi.!!!!!! Describe the common tissues and structures found in accessory organs. (4 points) """"" Accessory organs"have specialized cells that make digestive enzymes and secretions. They release these secretions into the gastrointestinal by ducts. There are some accessory organs that make hormones to regulate digestion and other things. """"""""""""""""""""" Describe these structures and their function in the pancreas: (6 points) • Acinar cells that secrete enzymes or bicarbonate: Acinar cells are enzymes produced by the pancreas. They secrete themselves into little ducts that lead towards a main pancreatic duct. There, they secrete a type of fluid that has mucus, enzymes, electrolytes, and water into a separate duct. • Islet cells that secrete insulin or glucagon Islet cells secrete insulin and glucagon to a capillary system. The capillary system transfers it to a pancreatic duct. The Islet cells have endocrine cells that secrete the insulin and glucagon. They also have exocrine cells that secrete digestive enzymes and bicarbonate. • Blood vessel Contained in the Submucosa, the blood vessels in the pancreas are affected by hormones. Those hormones end up affecting blood sugar levels. Describe these structures and their function in the small intestines: (6 points) • Villi The villi are found in the small intestine. They are tiny fibers that line the walls of the small intestine. They have a big surface area so they can absorb the nutrients passing through.

• Smooth muscle Smooth muscle lines the small intestine. They contract and relax in able to move digested food through the intestinal canal. • Intestinal glands The intestinal glands are contained in the mucous membrane of the intestines. They secrete gastric and intestinal juices for the digestion process....