Chap013 - Prescotts 10th Ed. PDF

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Chapter 13Bacterial Genome Replication and ExpressionFill in the Blank Questions1. Proteins that recognize unfolded polypeptides and help them fold into their properconformations are called ______________.chaperonesASM Objective: 04 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes...

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Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

Chapter 13 Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

Fill in the Blank Questions 1. Proteins that recognize unfolded polypeptides and help them fold into their proper conformations are called ______________. chaperones

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.08.02 Discuss the role of molecular chaperones in protein folding, and list some important examples of chaperones Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

True / False Questions 2. Some microbial proteins are spliced after translation in a reaction that results in removal of one or more internal intervening sequences called exteins. FALSE

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.08.01 Describe the role of protein splicing in protein maturation Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13-1 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

3. Signal recognition particles (SRPs) are associated with the Sec translocation system. TRUE

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 13.08.03 Distinguish translocation of proteins from protein secretion Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

Multiple Choice Questions 4. When a protein is synthesized, cis- or trans-splicing of that protein occurs A. following translation. B. between transcription and translation. C. during transcription. D. prior to transcription.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 4. Analyze Learning Outcome: 13.08.01 Describe the role of protein splicing in protein maturation Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

5. What might be a reason for the accumulation of improperly folded protein complexes in the bacterial cell cytoplasm following translation? A. A problem exists with the functioning of molecular chaperones. B. The cell is synthesizing proteins too rapidly. C. Polysomes are forming on the mRNA. D. The proteins are being transcribed but not translated.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 6. Create Learning Outcome: 13.08.02 Discuss the role of molecular chaperones in protein folding, and list some important examples of chaperones Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13-2 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

True / False Questions 6. The Tat and Sec pathways are protein translocation systems. TRUE

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 13.08.03 Distinguish translocation of proteins from protein secretion Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

Multiple Choice Questions 7. The Sec system is used by A. both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. B. neither Gram-positive nor Gram-negative bacteria. C. Gram-positive bacteria only. D. Gram-negative bacteria only.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 13.08.04 List bacterial translocation and secretion systems, and indicate whether they function in Gram-positive, Gramnegative, or both types of bacteria Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13-3 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

8. During proteins are moved from the cytoplasm to the membrane or periplasmic space, while during proteins are moved from the cytoplasm to the external environment. A. translocation; secretion B. secretion; translocation C. transcription; translation D. translocation; translation E. secretion; translation

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate Learning Outcome: 13.08.03 Distinguish translocation of proteins from protein secretion Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

True / False Questions 9. A bacterial cell that secretes proteins by types II and V systems is most likely Gramnegative. TRUE

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate Learning Outcome: 13.08.04 List bacterial translocation and secretion systems, and indicate whether they function in Gram-positive, Gramnegative, or both types of bacteria Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13-4 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

10. Prior to secretion, Gram-negative bacterial proteins are translocated across one membrane while Gram-positive proteins are translocated across two membranes. FALSE

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 4. Analyze Learning Outcome: 13.08.03 Distinguish translocation of proteins from protein secretion Learning Outcome: 13.08.04 List bacterial translocation and secretion systems, and indicate whether they function in Gram-positive, Gramnegative, or both types of bacteria Section: 13.08 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

Check All That Apply Questions 11. Select the secretion systems that are found in both Gram-positive and in Gram-negative bacteria. __X__ Type 1 _____ Type II _____ Type III __X__ Type IV

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate Learning Outcome: 13.08.03 Distinguish translocation of proteins from protein secretion Learning Outcome: 13.08.04 List bacterial translocation and secretion systems, and indicate whether they function in Gram-positive, Gramnegative, or both types of bacteria Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

Multiple Choice Questions

13-5 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

12. The process by which the base sequence of an RNA molecule is used to direct the synthesis of a protein is called A. replication. B. transcription. C. reverse transcription. D. translation.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 13.07.05 Outline the events that occur at the A, P, and E sites of the bacterial ribosome during the elongation phase of translation Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13. During translation elongation, which event happens last? A. A tRNA carrying an amino acid binds to the A site. B. A peptide bond forms. C. A tRNA molecule translocates from the A site to the P site. D. A tRNA molecule translocates from the P site to the E site.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 4. Analyze Learning Outcome: 13.07.05 Outline the events that occur at the A, P, and E sites of the bacterial ribosome during the elongation phase of translation Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13-6 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

14. Which is true regarding translation in bacteria? A. Translation begins with formation of the 30S initiation complex. B. Translation ends when the Shine-Delgarno sequence is reached. C. The 70S ribosome is composed of a 20S and 50S subunit. D. All of the choices are correct.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 4. Analyze Learning Outcome: 13.07.02 Summarize the formation of a translation initiation complex Learning Outcome: 13.07.05 Outline the events that occur at the A, P, and E sites of the bacterial ribosome during the elongation phase of translation Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

True / False Questions 15. DNA polymerase and aminoacyl-tRNA synthase are similar in that both have proofreading ability, but differ in the substrates that they act upon. TRUE

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 4. Analyze Learning Outcome: 13.03.04 List the enzymatic and structural elements needed by DNA polymerases for DNA synthesis Learning Outcome: 13.07.01 Relate the general structure of a tRNA molecule to its role in amino acid activation and translation Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

16. This initiator tRNA of the bacterium Escherichia is a modified form of the initiator tRNA used by the yeast Saccharomyces. TRUE

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 5. Evaluate Learning Outcome: 13.07.04 State the initiator tRNA used by bacteria Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13-7 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

Multiple Choice Questions 17. If you wished to design an antimicrobial agent that prevented the formation of the 70S initiation complex in bacterial translation, which molecule should be specifically be targeted? A. B. C. D.

IF-3 mRNA Peptidyl transferase EF-1

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Objective: 07.01a Ability to apply the process of science: Demonstrate an ability to formulate hypotheses and design experiments based on the scientific method. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics ASM Topic: Module 07 Scientific Thinking Blooms Level: 6. Create Learning Outcome: 13.07.02 Summarize the formation of a translation initiation complex Learning Outcome: 13.07.03 Describe the structure of bacterial ribosomes Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

Fill in the Blank Questions 18. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze covalent addition of __________ __________ to tRNAs. amino acids

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.01 Relate the general structure of a tRNA molecule to its role in amino acid activation and translation Section: 13.06 Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

Multiple Choice Questions

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Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

19. What is the minimum number of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes needed to attach amino acids to all the various tRNA molecules? A. 20 B. 61 C. 64 D. As many as there are different tRNAs.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.01 Relate the general structure of a tRNA molecule to its role in amino acid activation and translation Section: 13.06 Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

20. In __________, ribosomes can attach to the mRNA and begin translation even though transcription has not been completed. A. prokaryotes B. eukaryotes C. fungi D. protozoa and some plants

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.05 Outline the events that occur at the A, P, and E sites of the bacterial ribosome during the elongation phase of translation Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13-9 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

21. A complex consisting of a single mRNA molecule with several ribosomes is called a A. polysome. B. multisome. C. maxisome. D. proteosome.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.05 Outline the events that occur at the A, P, and E sites of the bacterial ribosome during the elongation phase of translation Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

22. The __________ reaction sequentially links adjacent amino acids into the growing polypeptide chain. A. dipeptidation B. transpeptidation C. peptidation D. propeptidation

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.05 Outline the events that occur at the A, P, and E sites of the bacterial ribosome during the elongation phase of translation Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

23. Ribosomes consist of __________ separate subunits that come together as part of the initiation process and dissociate immediately after termination. A. two B. three C. four D. five

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.03 Describe the structure of bacterial ribosomes Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

13-10 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

24. In order to add a single amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain, a total of __________ molecules or ATP of GTP are utilized. A. two B. three C. four D. six

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.05 Outline the events that occur at the A, P, and E sites of the bacterial ribosome during the elongation phase of translation Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

True / False Questions 25. All prokaryotes initiate the synthesis of proteins with formylmethionine. FALSE

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.04 State the initiator tRNA used by bacteria Section: 13.07 Topic: Nucleic Acid Structure/Function

Multiple Choice Questions

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Chapter 13 - Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

26. The energy needed for protein synthesis is provided by the hydrolysis of A. ATP. B. GTP. C. UTP. D. ATP and GTP. E. ATP and UTP.

ASM Objective: 04.02 Although the central dogma is universal in all cells, the processes of replication, transcription, and translation differ in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. ASM Topic: Module 04 Information Flow and Genetics Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 13.07.05 Outline the events that occur at the A, P, and E sites of the bacterial ribosome during the elongation phase of translation Section:...