Chap024 - Prescotts 10th Ed. PDF

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Chapter 24Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive BacteriaFill in the Blank Questions1. Actinoplanetes have extensive __________ mycelia.substrateASM Objective: 05 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can...

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Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

Chapter 24 Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

Fill in the Blank Questions 1. Actinoplanetes have extensive __________ mycelia. substrate

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 24.01.09 Describe the unusual morphology of actinoplanete spores Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

True / False Questions 2. Actinomycetes are Gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.01 Draw the life cycle of at least two different actinomycetes Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

24-1 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

3. Septa divide the actinomycete mycelia into cells, each containing a single nucleus. FALSE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.01 Draw the life cycle of at least two different actinomycetes Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

4. The sexual spores of actinomycetes are called sporangiospores. FALSE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.02 Distinguish an exospore from an endospore Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

5. Although the actinomycetes are generally nonmotile, the spores may be flagellated and, therefore, motile. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.02 Distinguish an exospore from an endospore Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

24-2 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

6. Although actinomycetes vary in many ways, they all share a common type of cell wall. FALSE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.03 Discuss the taxonomic importance of cell wall structure Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

7. A distinguishing characteristic of actinomycetes that can be used to classify these organisms is the types of sugars found in extracts of the organisms. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 24.01.03 Discuss the taxonomic importance of cell wall structure Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

8. Actinomycetes degrade a variety of organic compounds and are, therefore, important in mineralization processes in the environment. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.04 List common environments in which these microbes can be found Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

24-3 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

9. Features considered taxonomically important to the actinomycetes include peptidoglycan composition and structure, and morphology and color of mycelia and sporangia. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.03 Discuss the taxonomic importance of cell wall structure Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

10. Actinomycetes produce many of the antibiotics we use in medicine. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.05 List one veterinary and two human diseases caused by an actinomycete Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

11. Septa divide the actinomycete mycelia into long cells each containing several nucleoids. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.01 Draw the life cycle of at least two different actinomycetes Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

24-4 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

12. Although the spores of actinomycetes are not as heat resistant as endospores, the extent of heat resistance they demonstrate can be used to help classify these organisms. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 24.01.02 Distinguish an exospore from an endospore Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

13. The actinomycetes are capable of degrading a wide variety of organic compounds. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.04 List common environments in which these microbes can be found Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

Fill in the Blank Questions 14. Actinomycete spores are usually formed on __________ mycelia. aerial

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.02 Distinguish an exospore from an endospore Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

24-5 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

15. A(n) _____________ mycelium is a branching network of fibers on and/or beneath the surface of the agar growth medium. substrate

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.02 Distinguish an exospore from an endospore Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

16. A(n) _____________ mycelium is a branching network of filaments that rises above the agar growth medium. aerial

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.02 Distinguish an exospore from an endospore Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

True / False Questions 17. Members of the genus Actinomyces are either straight or slightly curved rods, or slender filaments with true branching. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.03 Discuss the taxonomic importance of cell wall structure Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

Fill in the Blank Questions

24-6 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

18. Members of the genus Actinomyces are either facultative or strict anaerobes that require ________ for optimal growth. carbon dioxide or CO2

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.01 Draw the life cycle of at least two different actinomycetes Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

True / False Questions 19. Members of the genus Micrococcus are frequently pigmented and may grow in yellow, red, or orange colonies. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.01 Draw the life cycle of at least two different actinomycetes Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

20. The genus Arthrobacter has a distinctive growth cycle in which branched rod-shaped bacteria are produced in the exponential phase, and cocci are found in stationary phase cultures. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.01 Draw the life cycle of at least two different actinomycetes Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes Topic: Bacteria

24-7 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

21. Some of the high G + C Gram-positive bacteria such as Arthrobacter divide by means of snapping division. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.06 Explain snapping division and how this results in the palisade arrangement of cells Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

Fill in the Blank Questions 22. Members of the genus Mycobacterium are said to be ______-_____ because basic fuchsin dye cannot be removed even with acid-alcohol treatment. acid fast or acid-fast

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.07 Relate the structure of mycolic acids to the properties of mycobacterial cell walls Section: 24.01 Topic: Mycobacteria

True / False Questions 23. None of the nocardioform actinomycetes are pathogenic to humans. FALSE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.15 Differentiate between the human pathogenic and non-pathogenic members of this order Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

24-8 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

24. Actinoplanetes that dwell in the soil play an important role in plant and animal decomposition. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.04 List common environments in which these microbes can be found Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

25. Nocardia cause biodeterioration of rubber joints in water and sewer pipes. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.08 Relate the unusual carbon and energy substrates used by bacteria in the family the Nocardiaceae to their importance in bioremediation Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

26. Most actinoplanetes are found in marine habitats. FALSE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.04 List common environments in which these microbes can be found Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

24-9 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

27. A few species of actinomycetes have been found to be pathogenic in humans, other animals, and plants. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.05 List one veterinary and two human diseases caused by an actinomycete Section: 24.01 Topic: Actinomycetes

28. Of the nearly 150 species in the genus Streptomyces, only S. somaliensis is known to be pathogenic in humans. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 24.01.15 Differentiate between the human pathogenic and non-pathogenic members of this order Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

29. The streptomycetes form spores on their substrate mycelia. FALSE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.11 Explain how streptomycete morphology helps this group thrive in soils Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

24-10 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 24 - Actinobacteria: The High G + C Gram-Positive Bacteria

30. The maduromycetes differ from other high G + C Gram-positives in that they contain the sugar madurose in cell extracts. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 06 Impact of Microorganisms Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 24.01.03 Discuss the taxonomic importance of cell wall structure Section: 24.01 Topic: Bacteria

31. Bifidobacterium bifidum is a major pathogen in breast-fed babies. FALSE

ASM Objective: 05.01 Microorganisms are ubiquitous and live in diverse and dynamic ecosystems. ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can in...