Chap 4 - Prescotts 10th Ed. PDF

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Prescotts 10th Ed....

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Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

Chapter 04 Archaeal Cell Structure

Fill in the Blank Questions 1. Molecules or regions of molecules that readily interact with water are said to be __________, whereas molecules or regions of molecules that are insoluble in water or do not readily interact with water are said to be hydrophobic. hydrophilic

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Draw an archaeal cell envelope and identify the component layers Section: 04.02

Multiple Choice Questions 2. External structures that are found in Archaea but not Bacteria are _________. A. pili B. flagella C. hami D. peptidoglycan

ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.04.01 Describe cannulae and hami Section: 04.04 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

Fill in the Blank Questions

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Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

3. A(n) __________ layer is a layer of protein or glycoprotein that exhibits a pattern resembling floor tiles. S

ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Draw an archaeal cell envelope and identify the component layers Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

True / False Questions

4. Cell walls of most Archaea and bacteria contain peptidoglycan. FALSE

ASM Objective: 02.02 Bacteria have unique cell structures that can be targets for antibiotics, immunity and phage infection. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

Fill in the Blank Questions

4-2 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

5. _______ is a peptidoglycan-like molecule found in the cell walls of some archaea. Pseudomurein

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.01.01 Describe a typical archaeal cell Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Section: 04.01 Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

True / False Questions 6. The hydrocarbons found in the membranes of archaea are identical to those found in bacteria. FALSE

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

Fill in the Blank Questions

4-3 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

7. _______ are the site of protein synthesis in the cell. Ribosomes

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Compare and contrast the cytoplasm of bacterial and archaeal cells Section: 04.03 Section: 04.05 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

True / False Questions

8. Archaeal flagella are superficially similar to bacterial flagella, although archaeal flagella are much thicker than bacterial flagella. FALSE

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.04.03 Compare and contrast bacterial and archaeal flagella in terms of their structure and function Section: 04.04 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

Multiple Choice Questions

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Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

9. A feature unique to some archaeal plasma membranes is that they may A. consist of a lipid bilayer that lacks integral membrane proteins. B. consist of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. C. contain sterols such as cholesterol. D. consist of a lipid monolayer.

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

10. Bacterial and archaeal ribosomes are known as _____ ribosomes, based on their sedimentation coefficient. A. 50S B. 30S C. 80S D. 70S

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Compare and contrast the cytoplasm of bacterial and archaeal cells Section: 04.03 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

Fill in the Blank Questions

4-5 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

11. A peptidoglycan-like polymer found in the cell walls of some Archaea is called __________. pseudomurein

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Draw an archaeal cell envelope and identify the component layers Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea

True / False Questions 12. The DNA of some archaeons is stabilized by association with archaeal histone proteins forming particles resembling eukaryotic nucleosomes.

TRUE ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Compare and contrast the cytoplasm of bacterial and archaeal cells Section: 04.03 Topic: Archaea

13. Many archaeal genomes include chromosomes and plasmids. TRUE

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Compare and contrast the cytoplasm of bacterial and archaeal cells Section: 04.03 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

4-6 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

14. Some archaeons are symbionts in animal digestive tracts. TRUE

ASM Objective: 05.04 Microorganisms, cellular and viral, can interact with both human and nonhuman hosts in beneficial, neutral or detrimental ways. ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.01.01 Describe a typical archaeal cell Section: 04.01 Topic: Archaea

15. Some archaeal cells lack a cell wall. TRUE

ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Draw an archaeal cell envelope and identify the component layers Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

16. Unlike members of the Bacteria, most archaeans have linear chromosomes. FALSE

ASM Objective: 02.01 The structure and function of microorganisms have been revealed by the use of microscopy (including bright field, phase contrast, fluorescent, and electron). ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Compare and contrast the cytoplasm of bacterial and archaeal cells Learning Outcome: 04.05.01 Compare and contrast bacterial and archaeal cells in terms of the structures observed and their chemical makeup Section: 04.03 Section: 04.05 Topic: Archaea

4-7 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

17. Methanogens may contribute to the greenhouse effect and global warming due to methane production. TRUE

ASM Objective: 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g. nitrogen fixation, methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis). ASM Objective: 03.02 The interactions of microorganisms among themselves and with their environment are determined by their metabolic abilities (e.g., quorum sensing, oxygen consumption, nitrogen transformations). ASM Objective: 05.03 Microorganisms and their environment interact with and modify each other. ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways ASM Topic: Module 05 Microbial Systems Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.01.01 Describe a typical archaeal cell Section: 04.01 Section: 04.05 Topic: Archaea

Multiple Choice Questions 18. Which statement correctly describes archaeal cell walls? A. Some have an outer layer of complex polysaccharide. B. Some have an outer layer of protein. C. Many have peptidoglycan. D. Some have an outer layer of complex polysaccharide and some have an outer layer of protein.

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Draw an archaeal cell envelope and identify the component layers Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

4-8 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

19. Which of the following is not true about archaeal ribosomes? A. They are 70S like bacterial ribosomes. B. They may possess ribosome binding sites homologous to bacterial Shine-Dalgarno sequences. C. They have similar antibiotic sensitivities to those of bacteria. D. All of these are true about archaeal ribosomes.

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.03.01 Compare and contrast the cytoplasm of bacterial and archaeal cells Section: 04.03 Topic: Archaea

20. The primary lipid components of the membranes of extreme thermophiles are A. sulfolipids. B. cholesterol. C. 40 carbon diglycerol tetraethers. D. 20 carbon diglycerol diethers.

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Objective: 03.03 The survival and growth of any microorganism in a given environment depends on its metabolic characteristics. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Draw an archaeal cell envelope and identify the component layers Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea

4-9 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

21. Archaeal membranes contain which of the following lipids? A. Phospholipids

B. Sulfolipids C. Glycolipids D. All of the choices are correct. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

4-10 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

22. The Archaea generally lack which of the following that are normally found in gramnegative bacteria? A. Outer membrane

B. A complex peptidoglycan network C. Lipopolysaccharide D. All of the choices are correct.

ASM Objective: 01.05 The evolutionary relatedness of organisms is best reflected in phylogenetic trees. ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 1. Remember Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

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Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

23. Which of the following contribute(s) to the differences between the members of the Domain Archaea and the Domain Bacteria? A. Archaea lack muramic acid. B. Archaea have isopranyl glycerol ethers rather than fatty acid esters in their membrane lipids. C. Archaea differ from bacteria in their tRNA composition, ribosome structure, and antibiotic sensitivity. D. All of the choices are correct.

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Objective: 03.01 Bacteria and Archaea exhibit extensive, and often unique, metabolic diversity (e.g. nitrogen fixation, methane production, anoxygenic photosynthesis). ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function ASM Topic: Module 03 Metabolic Pathways Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Learning Outcome: 04.05.01 Compare and contrast bacterial and archaeal cells in terms of the structures observed and their chemical makeup Section: 04.02 Section: 04.05 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

24. Archaeal cell walls A. are disrupted by treatment with lysozyme or penicillin. B. are similar to those of gram-negative bacteria. C. lack murein and D-amino acids. D. include orthomureine.

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

4-12 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

Chapter 04 - Archaeal Cell Structure

25. Diglycerol tetraether lipids A. are a characteristic feature of thermophilic Archaea. B. tend to make the membrane less rigid. C. are found in some bacteria and some Archaea. D. form typical bilayer membranes in thermophilic Archaea of the genus Thermoplasma.

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 3. Apply Learning Outcome: 04.01.01 Describe a typical archaeal cell Learning Outcome: 04.02.01 Draw an archaeal cell envelope and identify the component layers Section: 04.01 Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea

26. The cell membranes of wall-less archaeons are strengthened by A. diglycerol ethers. B. glycoprotein or protein layers. C. pseudomurein. D. diglycerol tetraethers.

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04.02.02 Compare and contrast archaeal and bacterial cell envelopes in terms of their structure, molecular makeup, and functions Section: 04.02 Topic: Archaea Topic: Cellular Organization

27. Which of the following structures are external to both Bacterial and Archaeal cells? A. Ribosomes B. Hami C. Pili D. Peptidoglycan

ASM Objective: 02.03 Bacteria and Archaea have specialized structures (e.g. flagella, endospores, and pili) that often confer critical capabilities. ASM Topic: Module 02 Cell Structure and Function Blooms Level: 2. Understand Learning Outcome: 04....